This study examines the extent to which professional credentials accrued during graduate school are related to postgraduate employment. The undergraduate and graduate records, demographic characteristics, and initial job placements of 7 11 Ph.D. recipients from the University of California, Santa Barbara, are analyzed. We find that several aspects of graduate training (e.g., holding research assistantships) have greater influence on the initial placement of women than men. Further, coauthored publications with the mentor influence the initial placement of men and women somewhat differently. Given the importance of initial placement in determining career productivity (e.g., Long and McGinnis, 1981;Reskin, 1978). these differences may have considerable impact on professional life chances.
In this paper we provide a didactic introduction to econometric estimation procedures for data with both cross-sectional and longitudinal variation. Several different ap proaches are discussed, and data from an earlier study by Deutsch and Alt (1977) are reanalyzed as an example.
The study of gender inequality in academia is characterized by various conflicting positions (see Cole, 1979; Reskin, 1980). While it is clear such inequality exists, our knowledge of how it comes about is limited. Debate over the extent and interpretation of gender inequality in the academic labor market is exacerbated by this situation. The preliminary analysis reported here suggests that the inequality stems, in part, from different graduate training experiences encountered by female and male students.
The analysis emphasizes the need to examine structural and cultural factors in the sending and receiving countries over a historical process to understand how immigrants are incorporated in American society. The article argues that Chinese were slower to make the transition from sojourner to immigrant due to structural characteristics of Chinese village society; whereas Japanese immigrants were not tied by strong family bonds to Japan and made a more rapid transition. The differential timing of family formation and family-run businesses in America account for the more rapid assimilation of Japanese Americans. Changing labor markets after World War II provided new opportunity structures favorable to the socioeconomic mobility of native-born Chinese and Japanese Americans.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.