In complicated molecular structures, these "fundamental rings" can be easily determined, either manually or by means of a programmed computer. The concept of the "ring complex" is defined and suggested as a preliminary screen in literature searches for ring structures. This will save machine time, and so reduce the cost of searches.
Successful information retrieval from a mechanized file is heavily dependent on the fidelity of the representation of concepts in the particular language of the system and on the predictability of this representation.
If an index language is employed, predictability is guaranteed and the quality of the retrieval is predominantly governed by the fidelity of the representation, i.e., by the extent to which conceptual distortion of the concepts to be represented can be avoided. The various index languages vary widely with respect to their fidelity. Differences in their performance are correspondingly great.
The lack of fidelity in most of the present day indexing languages is due mainly to insufficient representation of the relationships among concepts. We describe a new graphical method of storing and retrieving concept relations of various kinds. The points of such a graph are occupied by concepts, and the connecting lines between these points represent concept relations. In a special field of chemistry, these graphs also serve as a kind of presentation of the essentials of a document to the reader that is much more lucid than a natural language text.
A system is described for representing graphically the conceptual contents of a document, such as preparations and processes delineated in a patent or journal article.
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