Colonic neoplasias are detected in about 20% of patients most of which are immediately removed by polypectomy at a low risk. Polypectomy of adenomas and low UICC stages in cancer patients during screening colonoscopy may be tools for fighting colorectal cancer mortality.

The results underline the importance of screening the symptom-free population at least 55 years of age to prevent CRC.

Our study clearly indicates that personal invitation letters are an effective measure to increase overall participation rates in screening colonoscopies.

A STUDY of selected types of congenital anomalies was undertaken by the Pennsyl¬ vania Department of Health. The five specific congenital defects selected for study.imperforate anus, omphalocele, tracheo-esophageal fistula, diaphragmatic hernia, and intestinal obstruction.were chosen because they are usually discernible at birth and require im¬ mediate surgery or care to prevent the death of the newborn. Because these anomalies are more readily observed than less obvious defects, such as congenital defects of the circulatory system, they should be reported more completeljr on birth certificates and hospital records. We would thus be able to obtain more accurate counts of the number of these defects, their characteristics, and their frequency of occur¬ rence. By collecting data on these five congenital anomalies using birth and death certificates and hospital records, we could compute the fre¬ quency and rate of occurrence by type for use in program planning, measure the degree of reporting and accuracy of the birth certificate, and compile the characteristics of the newborn and his mother. Methodology The initial step in the project was to collect the basic data by reviewing the birth certificate of each infant born in Pennsylvania in 1962 to ascertain whether one or more of the congenital anomalies selected for study was noted. Death

No abstract

Purpose Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cancer in Germany. Around 60,000 people were diagnosed CRC in 2016 in Germany. Since 2019, screening colonoscopies are offered in Germany for men by the age of 50 and for women by the age of 55. It is recently discussed if women should also undergo a screening colonoscopy by the age of 50 and if there are any predictors for getting CRC. Methods Colonoscopies of 1553 symptomatic patients younger than 55 years were compared with colonoscopies of 1075 symptomatic patients older than 55 years. We analyzed if there are any significant differences between those two groups in the prevalence of CRC and its precursor lesions or between symptomatic men and women. We evaluated if there is a correlation between abdominal symptoms and the prevalence of CRC. Results In 164/1553 symptomatic patients, 194 (12.5%) polyps were detected. In total, six colorectal carcinomas (0.4%) were detected. There were no significant differences between men and women. In symptomatic patients ≥ 55 years, significantly more polyps were found (p<0.0001; 26.6% vs. 12.5%). Totally, 286 polyps (26.6%) were removed in 1075 symptomatic patients older than 55 years. Anorectal bleeding was the only abdominal symptom being a significant indicator for the prevalence of the occurrence of colon and rectum cancer in both groups (p=0.03, OR=2.73 95%-CI [1.11;6.70]), but with only low sensitivity (44%). Conclusion Due to no significant differences in men and women, we recommend screening colonoscopies also for women by the age of 50.