Abstract:In this work the consolidation characteristics of the experimental and theoretical process of consolidation was studied. The analyses were carried out on the basis of the axial soil deformation progress and the pore pressure dissipation. The applied methodology gives possibility for the simultaneous comparison of the experimental and theoretical consolidation data and verification of the validity of calculated values of coefficient of consolidation, estimated using different methods. The aim of this research was to put some light on the quasi-filtration phase of consolidation. The results of consolidation studies on five high quality paste samples prepared from Krakowiec clays showed that the quasi-filtration occurs only in specific stages of the whole process. The analysis of changes in coefficient of consolidation depending on the degree of consolidation, enables the separation of the region of quasi-fixed values of c v , which corresponds to the quasi-filtration phase of consolidation.
The studies focused on fragmented clayey soils, which are classified as second-type fragmented substances characterized by a multistorey structure and double porosity. The unstable structure of this substance makes it highly vulnerable to the influence of external factors, particularly changes of water content. The studies enabled the author to evaluate the influence of water content on changes of compressibility parameters and on the character of stress-strain relationships. Differences were emphasized in the behaviour of fragmented clayey soils in comparison to local soils. In author's opinion, the studied samples are a good representation of overburdened soils (dump soils), and the regularities found in this study can be readily applied to them.
The pa per deals with the col lapse set tle ment of dump soils i.e., made grounds com posed of the over bur den soils of min eral de pos its, which were worked out with the open-pit method, trans ported and de pos ited as a dumped fill. The prin ci pal aim of the stud ies was the anal y sis of fac tors con trol ling the col lapse set tle ment pro cess, mostly the struc tural model of dump soil and ex ter nal de ter mi nants: ini tial com pac tion, ini tial wa ter con tent and his tory of its changes in time as well as the his tory of load ing of stud ied soil be fore sat u ra tion. In or der to re flect the nat u ral struc ture of dump soils, ex per i ments were car ried out on sam ples of spe cially mod elled li thol ogy and struc ture. Hence, the sam ples rep re sented three ba sic struc tural mod els of such soils: non-co he sive, co he sive and tran si tional, partly co he sive/partly non-co he sive. At ten tion was paid to di ver si fied dy nam ics of col lapse set tle ment, which re sults from two clearly dif fer ent pro cesses: re build ing of soil struc ture and ad di tional con sol i da tion set tle ment. It was found that from the phys i cal point of view the col lapse set tle ment re sults from the re lease of elas tic en ergy de liv ered to the sam ple by load ing be fore in un da tion and ac cu mu lated at the con tact sur faces of soil lumps.
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