Benthic studies in two seasonally ice-covered Arctic estuaries include description of the faunal composition, biodiversity, quantitative distribution, and biogeographic structure of the fauna. Water temperature and salinity variations, bottom relief, and sediment composition are important features influencing the zoobenthos of Pechora Bay and Ob Bay. The inner parts of the bays are occupied by freshwater and brackish water fauna, while marine species occupy the mouths of the bays. Species diversity increases from the inner parts to the open sea, while the homogeneity of the community reflects the opposite tendency.
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