To understand the potential toxicity of nanoparticles (NPs), it is necessary to evaluate their penetration in biological tissues. For that, cell imaging can be considered as an indispensable diagnosis method. We have used the NanoSIMS50 to detect particles of a few nanometres diameter unambiguously in biological tissues. Animals (Daphnia magna) or cells were exposed to NPs (titaniumdioxide, silver, silicon oxide and copper oxide). Transmission electronic microscopy (TEM) imaging was used as a complementary technique to secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) imaging. The correlation of SIMS and TEM images opens up a new way of studying the toxicological effects of NPs of interest to medicine and pharmacology.
The present work deals with the synthesis of crystalline carbon nitride thin films by microwave plasma assisted chemical vapour deposition in N2/CH4 gas mixture. The discharge analysis by optical emission spectroscopy shows that the increase in the CH4/N2 ratio involves an important production of the CN and C2 radicals. In the films the X‐ray energy dispersion spectroscopy shows that the N/C ratio decreases when the CH4 percentage in N2 increases. X‐Ray diffraction and electron diffraction are used to study the carbon nitride films nature. Scanning electron microscopy shows that the films consisted of nanocrystalline grains. Carbon balls are also present on the film surface for CH4 percentage higher than 4%. The transmission electron microscopy confirms the nanostructure of the film and shows the isotropic etching of the substrates, during the film growth.
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