Creating canal network is the first step to do agricultural practice in wetlands that aims to make the wetland dry. The existence of canal network affects the hydrological function of peat ecosystem in West Kalimantan which leads to drought and peatland fires during dry season. Canal network on peatlands causes the previously stagnant water to flow out easily through the canal. Therefore, a repressive effort is required to maintain water table in peatland. A countermeasure that has been applied to restore peat is by constructing canal blocks on the established canals. The objective of this study was to assess and evaluate changes in water table in peatlands after the construction of a canal block in Wajok Hilir Village, Mempawah Regency, West Kalimantan. Based on the water table evaluation result on peatland with and without blocked canal, it is identified that peatland surrounding blocked canal had smaller water table fluctuation than the peatland surrounding unblocked canal during 1 tidal period. This research concludes that the construction of canal block helps retain water longer in peatland so that water table can be maintained in short term and is expected to restore hydrological function of peatland in the long term.
ABSTRAKPada musim kemarau lahan gambut sering mengalami kekeringan. Kondisi kering dapat menyebabkan lahan gambut mudah terbakar. Untuk menjaga lahan gambut dari kondisi kering, maka perlu dilakukan upaya pembasahan lahan gambut. Saat musim kemarau ketersedian air permukaan sulit diperoleh. Sumber air yang dapat diandalkan adalah air tanah. Pengambilan air tanah baik dan terkendali, perlu dilakukan dengan pengetahuan dan teknologi sederhana. Hal ini diperlukan agar pembasahan lahan gambut dapat dilakukan secara partisipatif. Untuk mencapai tujuan, maka dilakukan upaya sosialisasi tentang metode pembuatan sumur bor yang dapat dilakukan oleh masyarakat secara partisipatif. Sosialisasi ini merupakan salah satu kegiatan pengabdian kepada msayarakat (PKM) yang dilakukan oleh Tim Pelaksana, dengan pendanaan dari Kementerian Riset, Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi Tahun 2019. Kegiatan PKM ini dilakukan di Desa Wajok Hilir Kecamatan Siantan Kabupaten Mempawah Provinsi Kalimantan Barat. Kegiatan ini diawali dengan melakukan indept interview untuk mengali permasalahan di lokasi kegiatan. Sosialisasi dilakukan dengan metode ceramah dan praktek lapangan dengan melibatkan masyarakat setempat. Masyarakat sangat antusias mengikuti sosialisasi. Dampak kegiatan adalah meningkatnya kesehatan lingkungan dan masyakat serta dapat sebagai sumber air baku untuk keperluan sehari-hari. Kegiatan ini juga memberi dampak peningkatan pengetahuan dan kemampuan masyarakat setempat khususnya, dan diharapkan dapat menyebarluaskan informasi kepada masyarakat luas. Kata kunci: lahan gambut; kekeringan, sumur bor; partisipatif; wajok hilir. ABSTRACTThe peatlands often experience drought in the dry season. Dry conditions can cause peatlands to burn easily. It is necessary to make efforts to wet the peatlands to protect peatlands from dry conditions. During the dry season, it is difficult to obtain surface water. A reliable source of water is groundwater. The extraction of groundwater is good and controlled, it needs to be done with simple knowledge and technology. This is necessary so that the wetting of the peatlands can be done in a participatory manner. To achieve the goal, an effort was made to socialize the method of making boreholes that can be done by the community in a participatory manner. This socialization is one of the community service (PKM) carried out by the implementation team, with funding from the Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education in 2019. This PKM activity was carried out in Wajok Hilir Village, Siantan District, Mempawah Regency, West Kalimantan. This activity begins with conducting an in-depth interview to multiply the problems at the location of the activity. The socialization was carried out by lecturing methods and field practice involving the local community. The community was very enthusiastic about participating in the socialization. The impact of these activities is to improve the health of the environment and the community as well as to serve as a source of raw water for daily needs. This activity also has an impact on increasing the knowledge and capacity of the local community in particular, and it is hoped that it can disseminate information to the wider community. Keywords: peatlands; drought, boreholes; participatory; wajok hilir.
Tidal swamps which are widespread in lowland areas have the potential to be used for agricultural activities. The amount of rain potential available in this type of land can be used to supply water for irrigation purposes so that plants grow optimally. However, the tidal potential especially on the peat swamps area may have a negative impact, namely the occurrence of nutrient leaching from the soil, which is harmful to plants. Rasau Jaya, a tidal lowland area with peat swamp soil characteristic, is an area allocated for rice and corn cultivation. The study was conducted with the aim to determine the physical potential and constraints of land and water management in Rasau Jaya for the cultivation of both types of plants. This research was conducted through field observations and measurements as well as laboratory tests and model scale to evaluate the characteristics of existing land quality based on Land Suitability Classification by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). The result of this study shows that characteristics of water availability in Rasau Jaya is classified as Class S1 Highly Suitable for rice and corn crops, while existing conditions of land in Rasau Jaya III are generally classified in the S2 class Moderately Suitable for rice and corn crops. Appropriate land management is needed to increase land productivity for the cultivation of the Rasau Jaya’s assigned priority crops.
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