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Honey and the mefenamic acid capsules led to the same amount of pain relief in women with primary dysmenorrhea. Honey is suggested to be used for pain relief due to its lower side effects and pharmacological complications.

Objective: With regard to limitation in national budget, the relevant authorities of healthcare and treatment throughout the globe are seeking the use of available resources in a way that no wastage of money or time—which is, of course, convertible to money—is acceptable. This study sought the opinions of hospital doctors and nurses on those activities at work that wasted their time. Methods: A questionnaire designed to identify activities that waste time during hospital care was completed based on the review of previous studies and including hospital wastes items. The authors designed a questionnaire, which was filled out by 209 nurses and 30 doctors in the surgery wards in hospitals affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences (SUMS). The items for time wasting activities were extracted from previous studies, and the reliability of the questionnaire was more than 0.785 using Cronbach’s alpha. The response rate was more than 60%. Results: The mean age of the participating nurses and doctors was 30.24 ± 6.85 and 32.77 ± 7.05 years. In all aspects, more time was wasted during the morning and evening shifts in comparison with the night shifts. The activity that was thought to waste time in hospital care the most was paper-based documentation. Preventable wasted time during the shift was 16%–30% in the nurses’ view and 18%–34% in the doctors’ view. For both nurses and doctors, the highest-rated preventable wasted time was related to time spent waiting in ward for lab data responses, transfer of patients, or delivery of care. Conclusion: Hospital working environment is complex, and opportunities for improvement of the efficiency of the nurses’ and doctors’ workload should be analyzed, case by case, in each hospital and work group. Process change (for the decrease in the wasted time for waiting in wards), simple innovative ways (for the decrease in the wasted time for searching the needed equipment), using hospital information system technology for documentation, communication, and the better design of the wards (to decrease the wasted time due to transfer between the ward and restroom) could be helpful for improving efficiency and for a safer and acceptable delivery of care.

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As the most common primary intraocular malignancy of childhood, retinoblastoma (RB) has had a complex journey in its management, following a course from enucleation as the first life-saving treatment to numerous globe-salvaging therapies during the last century. Currently, this potentially lethal disease has achieved high survival rates owing to multidisciplinary management and the introduction of neoadjuvant and multimodal chemotherapy. Therefore, the goal of treatment is shifting toward conserving the globe and vision as much as possible. Up until recently, many advanced cases of RB were enucleated primarily; however, targeted chemotherapy via the ophthalmic artery and management of intraocular seeding by local administration of chemotherapeutic agents have revolutionized the globe-conserving therapies. The added benefit of avoiding systemic complications of cytotoxic drugs resulted in these methods gaining popularity, and they are becoming a main part of care in many referral centers. Initially, there were some safety concerns regarding these approaches; however, increasing experience has shown that these modalities are relatively safe procedures and many complications can be averted by changing the choice of the drug and using some prophylactic measures. It is hoped that, in the near future, with advances in early diagnosis and patient-targeted molecular therapies, as well as gene-editing techniques, the patient's vision can be saved even in advanced RB.

Background: Skin cancer is the most common cancer in the world. The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of life (QoL) of both patients with non-melanoma skin cancer and their relatives.Methods: This is an analytical cross-sectional study on patients with non-melanoma skin cancer and their first-degree relatives referred to dermatology clinic of Faghihi Hospital, Shiraz, Iran, 2018. Accordingly, patients and one of their companions were considered as the study group. Their responses to the questionnaires of Dermatology Life Quality Index and Family Dermatology Life Quality Index were analyzed using SPSS software, version 18. Results: The QoL of the patients enrolled in this study was relatively good. The mean of the QoL score for patients with non-melanoma skin cancer was 10.5 ± 6.2 for men and 13.2 ± 7.2 for women which showed a statistically significant difference (P = 0.027). In the patient's companion group, the mean of their QoL scores were 9.4 ± 5.6 in men and 10.9 ± 6.0 in women with no statistically significant difference (P = 0.149).In addition, the QoL in both groups were not related to the type of skin cancer, sex and family relations. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the overall QoL of the patients and their relatives was moderate. However, a plan for improving QoLs of both groups should be considered as a part of the illness management.

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