Generally, ultrasonic propagation in ultrasonic non-destructive testing is regarded as a linear process, during which the interaction between ultrasonic and the measured material is rarely considered. In this study, the mechanisms of ultrasonic propagation in viscoelastic Poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) aqueous solution and the interaction between ultrasound and fluid were investigated. A theoretical model of ultrasonic propagation in the viscoelastic fluid was established, which added the body force from ultrasonic waves to the fluid momentum equation, and the viscoelasticity of fluid was described by the Oldroyd-B model. The simulation results in the ultrasonic reflection coefficient at the solid-liquid boundary and attenuation coefficient based on the multi-physics coupling method were experiment verified. The results of this study show that the ultrasonic absorption coefficient at low frequencies from 2.25~7.5MHz exhibits frequency dependence through ultrasonic relaxation spectroscopy. The simulation results of the velocity of disturbed flow during ultrasonic propagation show that the viscosity of the solution has a greater impact on the disturbance than the relaxation time, and the phase angle difference between the stress and strain also shows that the viscosity is the main factor affecting the ultrasonic propagation.
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