The ongoing increase in wind power in Germany requires the accomplishment of a number of challenges. Most notably, the substantial strain on the transmission grid and the increasing requirement of control reserve capacity need to be tackled. Therefore the German Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety has commissioned a scientific study, in which novel concepts for optimised integration of wind energy into the German interconnected system are being evaluated. The Institute of Power Systems and Power Economics (IAEW) of RWTH Aachen University and the Research Centre for Electrical Systems and Power Economics cooperatively handles the study. The investigations carried out by IAEW are focused. They comprise a generation management (GM) of wind turbines and an improvement in load forecast, both in terms of a reduction in necessary control reserve, an improved integration of wind power because of the utilisation of intraday markets, a demand-side management in order to provide control reserve and the potentials of modern storage technologies. Primarily, the application of GM proves to be of significant economical benefit. Moreover compressed air energy storages may prove to be a suitable utility for the integration of wind power.
The increasing number of intelligent applications such as automation, monitoring and control functionalities in distribution grids often with high penetration by distributed energy resources may lead to a scenario, in which operation of distribution grids in between technical constraints becomes dependent on the ICTsystem in common operating conditions. For the assessment of reliability in such scenarios tools for reliability calculations need to be enhanced by an emulation of intelligent applications and need to consider time dependencies of grid utilisation as well as equipment failure rates. These additions raise the computational effort necessary for reliability assessment. In order to cope with this challenge, algorithms for the selection of relevant failure modes and system states have been developed and are presented in this paper. Simulation results prove their benefit for the process of reliability calculation.
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