Background: During the coronavirus pandemic of 2019, there has been an upsurge in the number of reported cases of facial dermatosis caused by face masks wearing within the general population. Face mask-induced facial dermatosis has been investigated previously in healthcare workers without involving the general population. However, as a precautionary measure against the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, wearing a face mask has become mandatory for the general population, similar to healthcare workers.Objective: To measure the prevalence of COVID-19 pandemic-induced facial dermatosis. Also, to determine the type of face mask used that causes the most facial dermatosis and the association between prolonged usage of face masks and facial dermatosis in Western Saudi Arabia's population.Methods: The study covers the Western region of Saudi Arabia. A self-administered Google survey was shared on social media. The study used prior surveys from similar studies. The data collection included participants' demographic information, pre-existing skin conditions, mask type, and mask-related skin conditions. The data were analyzed using the statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) version 20.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY).Results: The median age was 30 years (interquartile range {IQR} 23-43). Females represented 65.5% of our sample. Face mask-wearing was associated with skin changes in 41.7% of the population. The most common skin condition associated with mask use was pimples and pustules representing 28.7%, of which the most common site was on the cheeks 31.4%. Acne vulgaris was the most common pre-existing skin condition, affecting 8.7% of the total population. Of the total, 46.2% experienced an exacerbation of their pre-existing skin condition with or after wearing masks. Skin changes were significantly associated with skin type and duration of wearing the mask (P<0.001). Conclusion:The prevalence of facial mask-induced facial dermatosis is 41.7% of the general population in which surgical mask was responsible for most cases. In addition, there is a strong association between the duration of wearing the mask and facial dermatosis.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a very common comorbidity worldwide, and it is associated with a wide variety of complications. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is one of these complications that increases the morbidity and mortality of these patients. Multiple studies indicated that lifestyle modifications are very beneficial for these patients in terms of decreasing the symptoms or preventing the progression of the disease. Therefore, a thorough search was conducted to study and shed light on the effects of lifestyle interventions, such as physical exercise, and pharmacological treatment on DPN. A total of 100 studies were found and 32 were selected based on whether or not they support the aim of the study. It was concluded that lifestyle interventions such as regular exercise, healthy diet and weight loss, which will all in turn improve the patient’s glycemic control, play a major role in controlling the disease and preventing its complications. Moreover, the aim of pharmacological interventions is a 30% reduction in pain intensity, however pharmacological interventions are limited in DPN, up till now the FDA approved only three medications that help in the reduction of the pain intensity. These medications are antidepressant duloxetine, anticonvulsant pregabalin, and the opioid-like analgesic tapentadol.

Background: Saudi Arabia is ranked 23 rd for tobacco consumption globally, and approximately, 25-43% of male college students in Saudi Arabia were smokers. This study uses a qualitative approach to explore the facilitators and barriers that influence the smoking behavior among Saudi international college students in the U.S. Methods: About 15 Saudi male international students who studied at a small liberal arts college were recruited and interviewed for about 30-50 min, following a semi-structured interview guideline. Results: The hookah was preferred by participants to the cigarettes because of its smell and the entertaining way of doing it. The major facilitators of the smoking behavior were socializing and leisure activity, academic stress, and reduced family influence. The protective factors included cost, accessibility, smoking policy, and influences from American culture. Conclusion: It is necessary to consider the Saudi students' social needs, the level of stress, and the influences of the American culture, when health professionals and colleges and universities examine smoking behavior among Saudi international students.