Background The COVID-19 pandemic is a serious global health concern, posing a greater risk of psychological vulnerabilities for frontline healthcare workers (HCWs), military professionals and the general public around the globe. These psychological issues appear to be long lasting and heighten the risk of mental health disorders. Therefore, this study aimed to identify psychological problems encountered by HCWs, military professionals, and the general public in Sri Lanka during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study was undertaken with 367 participants, including frontline HCWs (n = 128), military professionals (n = 102), and the general public (n = 137). Depression and anxiety were assessed using the Peradeniya Depression Scale (PDS) and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7), respectively. Results Mean (± SD) age of the participants was 35.0 (± 10.6) years. A reasonable proportion of participants experienced depressive symptoms (39.25%, n = 144) and severe anxiety (12.8%, n = 47). Military professionals showed depressive symptoms (73.50%, n = 75) and severe anxiety (32.4%, n = 33) predominantly. Multivariate binary logistic regression revealed that only the level of education and professional engagement affected depressive symptoms and severe anxiety (p < 0.01). Having a high level of education was a protective factor for depressive symptoms (Adjusted OR = 0.34) compared to lower-level education, while being a HCW (Adjusted OR = 4.40) and military professional (Adjusted OR = 5.43) were identified as risk factors for depressive symptoms compared to the general public. Similarly, having a high level of education was a protective factor for severe anxiety (Adjusted OR = 0.29) compared to lower-level education, while being a HCW (Adjusted OR = 3.90) and military professional (Adjusted OR = 4.52) were identified as risk factors for severe anxiety compared to the general public. Conclusion The current study revealed a greater level of anxiety and depressive symptoms among frontline HCWs and military professionals in Sri Lanka during the pandemic of COVID-19 compared to the general public. Therefore, providing psychological first aid for them to better deal with mental problems and an emergency preparedness plan to deal with sudden outbreaks of infectious situations are important.
BackgroundEducation is an essential component in optimising chronic disease self‐management. Teach‐back is a robust approach in patient education, which is suitable for varying health literacy although its effectiveness in chronic kidney disease patient education is unknown.ObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of teach‐back method in health education for improving self‐management and adherence to treatment regimens in chronic kidney disease.DesignSystematic review.ParticipantsAdults with any chronic kidney disease grade or treatment modality.MeasurementsA comprehensive search was undertaken in MEDLINE, CINHAL, EMBASE, Cochrane library, PsychINFO, Web of Science, ERIC, JBI library and WHO International Clinical Trial Registry to identify published studies from September 2013 to December 2022. The methodological quality of studies was assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines.ResultsSix studies involving 520 participants were retrieved for this review. A meta‐analysis could not be conducted due to substantial heterogeneity between studies. Nevertheless, there was some evidence that teach‐back could improve self‐management, self‐efficacy and knowledge. There was limited evidence on improvement in psychological outcomes or health‐related quality of life.ConclusionTeach‐back seems to improve both objective and patient‐reported outcomes, although further studies are needed. Using teach‐back can improve both understanding of health information and the development of skills. Kidney care teams could use teach‐back for all patients as it takes account of varying patient health literacy abilities. Teach‐back assists with communicating important health information to improve patients' knowledge, confidence and skills in self‐managing this disease and its treatment.
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