Phenotyping plays an important role in crop science research; the accurate and rapid acquisition of phenotypic information of plants or cells in different environments is helpful for exploring the inheritance and expression patterns of the genome to determine the association of genomic and phenotypic information to increase the crop yield. Traditional methods for acquiring crop traits, such as plant height, leaf color, leaf area index (LAI), chlorophyll content, biomass and yield, rely on manual sampling, which is time-consuming and laborious. Unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing platforms (UAV-RSPs) equipped with different sensors have recently become an important approach for fast and non-destructive high throughput phenotyping and have the advantage of flexible and convenient operation, on-demand access to data and high spatial resolution. UAV-RSPs are a powerful tool for studying phenomics and genomics. As the methods and applications for field phenotyping using UAVs to users who willing to derive phenotypic parameters from large fields and tests with the minimum effort on field work and getting highly reliable results are necessary, the current status and perspectives on the topic of UAV-RSPs for field-based phenotyping were reviewed based on the literature survey of crop phenotyping using UAV-RSPs in the Web of Science™ Core Collection database and cases study by NERCITA. The reference for the selection of UAV platforms and remote sensing sensors, the commonly adopted methods and typical applications for analyzing phenotypic traits by UAV-RSPs, and the challenge for crop phenotyping by UAV-RSPs were considered. The review can provide theoretical and technical support to promote the applications of UAV-RSPs for crop phenotyping.
The
therapeutic efficacy of wound infections caused by bacteria
is challenged by limited wound repairs and a high risk of inflammation.
Microneedles have been generated for wound healing since they are
able to efficiently pierce the epidermis and deliver drugs. However,
regular microneedles cannot provide oriented traction to “shrink”
the wound area, and most microneedles are made of inert polymers,
which mainly serve as a support but rarely participate in the following
physiological processes. Herein, inspired by lamprey teeth, we designed
oriented antibacterial sericin microneedles with dually functionalized
needles to provide penetration and directional traction. Sericin,
derived from silkworm cocoons, was employed to fabricate microneedle
tips, significantly improving skin repair via hair follicle regeneration
and angiogenesis. Besides, zinc oxide nanoparticles were integrated
as an antibacterial module, endowing the OASM with high bacterial
suppression. It is believed that the synergy of these systems may
effectively heal infected wounds, suggesting its clinically translational
potential.
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