Abstract

RESUMO:A tecnologia, como expressão do avanço da ciência, acompanha a evolução histórica da humanidade mostrando-se, sempre, mais extraordinária e abrangente em diversas áreas do conhecimento. Apesar de sua inserção, cada vez maior, nas diversas formas de relações entre os seres e, destes, com o ambiente, este é um tema que ainda suscita muita reflexão. Assim, propusemos questionar, refletir e aproximar os fenômenos "tecnologia e cuidado", não como crítica às tecnologias disponíveis, mas como reflexão sobre tecnologias de cuidado e suas perspectivas filosóficas. Nesse exercício reflexivo, destacamos a responsabilidade ética como um imperativo moral a ser seguido pelos profissionais da saúde enquanto membros da civilização do desenvolvimento tecnológico. A responsabilidade não pressupõe a bondade e a perfeição do homem que, sendo responsável, procurará agir para o bem, mas indica a capacidade individual de assumir antecipadamente o que vai fazer, tendo consciência de todas as conseqüências das suas próprias ações e omissões. ABSTRACT:Technology as an expression of the advancement of science accompanies the evolution of human history, revealing itself to be evermore extraordinary and encompassing in diverse areas of knowledge. Even with its increasing insertion into the diverse relationships among human beings, and through them with the environment, this is an issue that still requires much reflection. Thus, our objective is to question, to reflect, and to approximate the phenomena "technology and care". It is not our intention to offer criticism of available technologies, but to reflect upon the significance of care technologies and their philosophical perspectives. In this reflective exercise, we highlight ethical responsibility as a moral imperative to be followed by health care professionals, as members of the civilization of technological development. Responsibility is not about supposing the goodness and perfection in mankind, who, being responsible will look to act towards good. Rather, it indicates an individual capacity to previously assume what one will do, conscious of all the consequences of one's own actions or omissions. PALAVRAS-CHAVE:Ética. Tecnologia. Conhecimento. Saúde. Enfermagem.

ResumoObjetivo: Identificar os desafios e perspectivas de trabalho nas instituições de longa permanência para idosos (ILPI) na interpretação da equipe multiprofissional. Metodologia: Estudo de abordagem qualitativa, exploratória e descritiva, recorte da pesquisa intitulada "Cenários de cuidados de longa duração: possibilidades avaliativas, interventivas e educacionais na atenção gerontológica". A pesquisa foi desenvolvida no município de Passo Fundo-RS, de março a agosto de 2013, contemplando 14 ILPIs. Resultados: As situações desafiadoras do trabalho aludem ao aspecto de gestão, sistematização de ações, manutenção, convivência e mediação de conflitos profissionais e interpessoais, e no que se refere ao paradigma da institucionalização. As perspectivas da atuação em ILPIs correspondem à valorização com inserção profissional nos cenários de atenção, considerando a Gerontologia especialidade emergente no cumprimento dos preceitos legais e com maior incentivo do poder público. Conclusões: Os desafios são múltiplos e de ordem diversa. A perspectiva é que, num futuro próximo, possa existir uma equipe multiprofissional mais homogênea atendendo à legislação vigente. AbstractObjective: To identify the challenges and prospects of work in long-term institutions for the elderly (ILPI) in the viewpoint of the multidisciplinary team. Methodolog y: Qualitative, exploratory and descriptive study, part of a research entitled "Scenarios of long-term care: evaluative, intervention and educational possibilities in geriatric attention". Research was conducted in the city of Passo Fundo-RS, Brazil, from March to August 2013, involving 14 ILPI's. Results: The challenging situations at work allude to management aspect, systematic actions, maintenance, coexistence and mediation of professional and interpersonal conflicts, as well as to the institutionalization paradigm.

Objective: To perform an integrative review of literature on functional health literacy from the perspective of Gerontological Nursing. Method: a study was made of the MEDLINE, PubMed, LILACS, IBECS, BDENF and CidSaúde databases, and studies published in Brazilian and international publications during the period of 2005-2014 were included. The studies were selected by main subject, such as education of patient, health literacy, schooling, the elderly, health education and self-care. Results: 58 studies were found, of which 33 were pre-selected, but only 17 composed the final sample, 15 of which were international and two of which were Brazilian. Conclusions: the results indicate an integration of knowledge of the assessment of functional health literacy among the elderly. Inadequate literacy was evident, indicating an excessive impact on health management, especially among those with chronic disease. Additionally, inadequate understanding of times and doses when taking medicine highlights that new strategies can be designed to bring empowerment and greater control to health.

A obesidade eleva as taxas de morbimortalidade, sendo um problema de saúde pública. Realizou-se estudo transversal com 123 participantes, objetivando identificar a proporção de casos e os fatores de risco para o sobrepeso/obesidade entre idosos com sessenta anos ou mais, atendidos por quatro equipes de Estratégia de Saúde da Família, de Passo Fundo-RS. Considerou-se variável dependente a obesidade e as demais como independentes: sexo, idade, renda familiar, escolaridade, ocupação, atividade física, tabagismo, medicação. As medidas antropométricas aferidas foram: peso, estatura, circunferência da cintura, quadril e cervical. Realizou-se análise bivariada usando o teste qui-quadrado de Pearson com um nível de significância <0,05. No modelo múltiplo permaneceram associadas à obesidade do idoso, a circunferência abdominal (p=0,000) e a circunferência cervical (p=0,000). No grupo estudado, sobrepeso/obesidade atingiu uma proporção de 49,6%. Os resultados indicam alta prevalência de sobrepeso/obesidade, reforçando a necessidade de estratégias por parte dos profissionais de saúde, visando bem-estar e longevidade.

Objective: To identify the meanings attributed to the experience of spirituality when faced with life situations among elderly persons living in a long-term care facility. Method: A qualitative, exploratory and descriptive survey was carried out, based on interviews with eight elderly people living in a long-term care facility for the elderly in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Results: The content that emerged from the interviews underwent qualitative analysis for the extraction of units of significance and the elaboration of two thematic categories: Spirituality/religiosity as a direction of life and spirituality/religiosity as a meaning for life and a source of renewal, fulfilment and happiness. Conclusion: When describing the experience of spirituality as an important strategy for finding meaning in life, the elderly persons in this study revealed it to be a psychic and emotional support for coping with existential challenges. This knowledge allows professionals working in these institutions to invest in practices that incorporate spirituality as an element of the comprehensive care of the elderly.

This study was performed in six Long-Term Care Institutions for the Elderly (LTCIEs) that helped low-income senior citizens in three regions of the country. Its aim is to examine how LTCIEs' internal organizational system maintained structural coupling with surrounding systems. The data were collected through interviews and observation. The analysis was based on concepts of Luhmann's Social Systems Theory. As a result, the rules of belonging did not encourage aid proposals that stimulated independent life and the individuality of residents. The structural couplings with the external environment generated negative resonance within LTCIEs, such as the lack of links to programmatic actions of public primary health care, inability to maintain a multiprofessional staff, inability to fully adapt the infrastructure, and inability to bring reçatives closer to the institution's daily routine. As a positive aspect, the staff was empowered by the presence of students and their professors.

Objective: To describe and reflect the possible relationships established by the elderly between happiness and money. Method: It is a qualitative, exploratory and descriptive research, carried out from a semi-structured interview with 19 elderly people, in their households, of both sexes in 2017 and 2018, in two states of the South region of Brazil, through content analysis. Results: What emerged in the voice of older people unfolded into two categories: Money as a way of life and Money does not bring happiness. Participants indicated relationships between happiness and money because money is one of the conditions to meet the basic needs of daily life, but it appeared as a propedeutic resource for happiness. They also reported that the obsessive pursuit of money can generate fascination, anxiety and depression. Conclusion: The participants indicated that money is a means to live well and be happy and was not considered the highest goal of their lives. He is not a promoter of happiness, but can contribute to the pursuit of peace, tranquility and inner satisfaction.