The presence of coconut sawdust in North Sulawesi is very potential to be utilized as an alternative material for application in construction field. This paper aims to investigate experimentally the effect of coconut sawdust as an addition on concrete mixtures based on compressive strength, flexural strength and volume permeable voids tests. In this study, coconut sawdust with percentage of 2.5%, 5% and 7.5% by weight of cement was added into concrete mixture. The results show that concrete containing 5% of coconut sawdust exhibited highest compressive strength at 7 days with average value is 25.71 MPa while at 28 days the compressive strength is 30.50 MPa and there is no significant difference compared with 2.5% variation. When comparing the results of flexural strength test between 5% and normal cement concrete, the highest result is achieved by normal concrete reaching the value 6.78 MPa while for the concrete with 5% of coconut sawdust addition is only on 4.82 MPa. In terms of the volume of permeable voids, the results show that the porosity of concrete with coconut sawdust increased with the increase of percentage of coconut sawdust at 7 days but the values decreased as the age of curing increased.
No abstract
Disaster management is crucial to protect the area in order to overcome the impact from such disaster. This paper aims to plan safety zone area and evacuation route for village settlement to be natural disaster resistance. Moreover, an evacuation building is planned with a safe structure as a temporary place for the community. The study area is Bentenan village in North Sulawesi. This area has a high risk of natural disaster including earthquake and tsunami. The methodology is field study with data collected using a drone to get data contour area and analyse using computer program AutoCAD for measurement. The standard for safe area and previous research is used as a comparison for the zoning area. The result shows that for maximum30 meter high of a tsunami wave, all area has a great impact on damage due to the area of settlement is under 30-meter-high above the sea level. For evacuation route, more alternative safe evacuation area should be provided with a location on the highest area. Available main streets are easily accessed while route on the green area should be made. Building for evacuation should have a good quality of material and structure and easy access for the community.
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