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Recebido em 31/8/04; aceito em 11/3/05; publicado na web em 10/8/05 ANTIFUNGAL COMPOUNDS OF Xylaria sp., AN ENDOPHYTIC FUNGUS ISOLATED FROM Palicourea marcgravii (RUBIACEAE). Five compounds, 2-hexyl-3-methyl-butanodioic acid (1), cytochalasin D (2), 7-dechlorogriseofulvin (3), cytochalasin B (4) and griseofulvin (5), have been isolated from the endophytic fungus Xylaria sp., and their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data. In the bioautography assay against Cladosporium cladosporioides and Cladosporium sphaerospermum, compounds 1 and 2 were found to be active while compounds 3, 4 and 5 did not show antifungal activity.

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An ethanolic extract from the stems of Styrax camporum Pohl (Styracaceae), a plant traditionally used for gastrointestinal diseases, was fractionated and subjected to flash chromatography and afforded two benzofuran lignans, egonol and homoegonol, and one furofuran lignan, (+/-)syringaresinol, which were identified by spectral data interpretation. Their cytotoxic activities against Hep-2 (larynx epidermoid carcinoma), HeLa (human cervix carcinoma) and C6 (rat glioma) cell lines were evaluated using the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide) assay at several concentrations for 24h. Activities could be observed for egonol against C6 (IC50 = 3.2 microg/mL) and Hep-2 (IC50 = 3.6 microg/mL) cell lines, and for homoegonol against C6 (IC50 = 4.9 microg/mL) and HeLa (IC50 = 5.3 microg/mL) cells.

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Dois novos metabólitos, 2,4-diidroxi-5,6-dimetil benzoato de etila (1) e phomopsilactona (2) foram isolados de Phomopsis cassiae, um fungo endofítico de Cassia spectabilis. As estruturas destes compostos foram elucidadas por dados espectrométricos de 1D e 2D RMN, EM e IV. As substâncias 1 e 2 exibiram forte atividade antifúngica contra os fungos fitopatogênicos Cladosporium cladosporioides e C. sphaerospermum, bem como citotoxidade contra a linhagem celular de tumor cervical humano (HeLa), em experimentos in vitro.Two new metabolites, ethyl 2,4-dihydroxy-5,6-dimethylbenzoate (1) and phomopsilactone (2) were isolated from Phomopsis cassiae, an endophytic fungus in Cassia spectabilis. Their structures were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR, MS and IR spectral data. Compounds 1 and 2 displayed strong antifungal activity against the phytopatogenic fungi Cladosporium cladosporioides and C. sphaerospermum, as well as cytotoxicity against human cervical tumor cell line (HeLa), in in vitro assays.

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