From the data on 40 representative cane sugar products it is shown that the specific absorptive index,-log t, of these products for wave length 560 m/z may be calculated with sufficient exactness for all ordinary purposes by deducting 48 per cent of the difference between the values of-log t 546 and-log t 578 from-log t 54s. This interpolation permits the use of the mercury vapor lamp with spectral filters as the source of light for making routine spectrophotometric measurements on technical sugar product, thereby making possible the use of the spectrophotometric method of determining the color of sugar products in manv instances where an elaborate spectrophotometer is not available. It has been shown elsewhere 3 that wave length X = 560 m^acquires a particular importance in the quantitative spectrophotometric analysis of the absorption and transmission spectrum of technical sugar products. Through a simple measurement of absorption or transmission at this wave length it is possible to arrive at a nearly correct estimate of color in relation to the effective quantity of coloring material per gram of saccharine dry substance. Unfortunately no suitable monochromatic light source of wave length X = 560 is known. At present the measurement of absorption or transmission of sugar solutions at this wave length involves the use of a spectrophotometer which in many cases is not available in industrial sugar laboratories. The primary purpose of this paper is to show that the specific absorptive index 4 (log 10 t) of sugar products for wave length 560 in/* may be obtained with sufficient accuracy by interpolation between the-log t values for the two mercury wave lengths, 546 and 578 nu*. Figure 1 shows curves for t,-log t, and Q from X = 436 to X = 700 m^t for colored sugar products containing unit quantity of coloring material of the various types. A is the curve for A sucrose; 6XZ the curve for 6 samples of soft sugars from * Presented in abstract at the meeting of the American Chemical Society at Baltimore, April, 1925. 2 Deceased. 3 B. S. Tech. Paper No. 338. * For the precise definition of the terms and symbols used throughout this paper see footnote 3 above.
Detergents are indispensable reagents for the extraction and solubilization of integral membrane proteins, but their removal from a reconstituted phospholipid-protein complex is usually desirable. In this paper, we describe a novel method in which the synthetic sugar esters 6-O-octanoyl-beta-D-glucose (OG) or 6-O-octanoyl-beta-D-mannose (OM) are used as detergents for both the isolation and the rapid reconstitution of the photosynthetic reaction center protein of Rhodobacter sphaeroides. Following solubilization of the reaction center with OG or OM and reconstitution of this protein in liposomes, a convenient removal of these detergents was achieved within less than two hours by hydrolytic cleavage of the sugar esters using immobilized lipases. Best results were achieved with lipase from Bacillus sp. immobilized on silica gel.
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