Permanently porous polymer resins derived from multifunctional (meth)acrylate monomers
have been prepared by suspension polymerization. The dry state porosity characteristics have been
evaluated using N2 sorption and Hg intrusion porosimetry, and the results correlated in terms of the
three-dimensional cohesion parameter, δ
t
, of the polymers and porogens. The pore size distributions of
almost all resins cover a broad range from micro- through meso- to macropores. The porosity data had to
be computed from the adsorption branches of the N2 sorption isotherms, since an artifact arises in the
pore size distributions if derived from the corresponding desorption data. The artifact is attributed to a
percolation process in the desorption mechanism. The correlation of porosity data (e.g., the Brunauer,
Emmett, and Teller (BET) surface area and the Barret, Joyner, and Halenda (BJH) average pore radius)
with the nature of the porogen was found to be very limited if the one-dimensional Hildebrand solubility
parameter, δ, only is used. However, by application of a group contribution method due to Hoftyzer−Van
Krevelen and Hoy, three-dimensional cohesion parameters, δ
t
, and the porogen−polymer affinity
parameters, d
0, could be calculated. Using the latter as the basis for a new correlation the N2 sorption
BET computed surface areas of resins show an inverse proportional relationship with d
0, while BJH
average pore radii show a proportional relationship.
SYNOPSISQuaternary ammonium salts were immobilized on hydrophilic gels based on sucrose methacrylates ( SM) and tested for their antibacterial properties. The cross-linked polymers were prepared by copolymerization of monomer-SM mixtures with 4-vinylpyridine and subsequent quaternization with 1-bromoctane and 1-bromoctadecan and by esterification of SM gels with 3-pyridine carboxylic acid chloride and quaternization. In addition, immobilized quaternary salts bonded by hydrophobic as well as by hydrophilic spacers were synthesized by esterification of SM gels with 11-bromundecanoic acid chloride and the tetraethylene glycol-based acid chloride 13c, respectively, and subsequent reaction of the halogen-substituted gels with tertiary amines. Suspension tests for antibacterial properties of the immobilized bactericides against Escherichin coli, Staphylococcus aureu, and Micrococcus luteus demonstrated high activity of the quaternary salts bonded by the hydrophobic spacer. Advantageously, these insoluble bactericides can be applicated without contamination of the substrate; they can be removed easily and used repeatedly. 0 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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