The optimal dietary carbohydrate (C) : lipid (L) ratio on growth and carcass composition of juvenile abalone, Haliotis discus, was determined. A total of 1260 juveniles were randomly distributed into 18 containers. Six experimental diets containing different ratios of C to L (49:1, 48:2, 47:3, 45:5, 43:7, and 41:9) were prepared and referred to as the C49:L1, C48:L2, C47:L3, C45:L5, C43:L7, and C41:L9 diets, respectively. Water stability of the experimental diets was measured 12, 24, and 48 h after seawater immersion. Crude protein, L and ash content of the experimental diets decreased with time. Survival of abalone fed the C48:L2 diet was higher than that of abalone fed the C49:L1 and C41:L9 diets. Weight gain and specific growth rate (SGR) of abalone fed the C49:L1, C48:L2, and C47:L3 diets were higher than that of abalone fed the C45:L5, C43:L7, and C41:L9 diets. Crude L content of the soft body of abalone was directly reflected from dietary crude L content. In conclusion, the optimal dietary C : L ratio was estimated to be 48:2 and 47:3 based on survival, weight gain, and SGR of juvenile abalone, respectively. Greater than 3% L content in the diet deteriorated performance of this species of abalone.

We present two cases of sudden unanticipated cardiovascular complications in patients with noncatecholamine-secreting adrenocortical adenomas during laparoscopic adrenalectomy. In the first case, the patient developed paroxysmal tachycardia and hypertension followed by ventricular fibrillation shortly after clipping of the adrenal vein. In the second case, the patient suffered hypertension and bigeminy during manipulation of the adrenal gland just around the adrenal vein. Awareness of such complications during either conventional or laparoscopic adrenalectomy is important even if the operation is performed in a patient with an apparently noncatecholamine-secreting adrenocortical adenoma.