La Comunidad Zona Lacandona y las áreas naturales protegidas en su territorio A comunidade de Zona Lacandona e as áreas naturais protegidas em seu território The Lacandon Community and the Protected Natural Areas in its TerritoryHéctor CALLEROS-RODRÍGUEZ RESUMEN:Este artículo analiza la compleja relación entre el hombre y la naturaleza. En particular, analiza los problemas que presentan las Áreas Naturales Protegidas (ANP), que existen dentro de tierras indígenas. El artículo plantea dos hipótesis: i) la existencia de ANP en la Selva Lacandona es el producto de la política ambiental mexicana que, durante cuarenta años, ha configurado a la selva como una región de conservación de la biodiversidad, sin embargo, esa política genera relaciones de poder en las zonas en que opera. ii) La relación hombre -naturaleza, que en este artículo se refiere a la relación entre la comunidad indígena (Comunidad Zona Lacandona) y las ANP, presenta tensiones que surgen del tamaño y necesidades de las poblaciones que habitan dentro de las áreas, más que de relaciones de poder. Con base en un análisis del cambio de uso de suelo y del crecimiento poblacional, el artículo presenta datos actuales que confirman el continuo deterioro de la cobertura forestal. El artículo también se basa en trabajo de campo realizado en la Selva Lacandona en los años 2008, 2010 y 2015.Palabras clave: uso de suelo; áreas naturales protegidas; México; Comunidad Zona Lacandona. RESUMO:Este artigo analisa a complexa relação entre o homem e a natureza. Analisa, sobretudo, os problemas apresentados nas Áreas Naturais Protegidas (ANP) localizadas em territórios indígenas. O artigo levanta duas hipóteses: i) a existência de ANPs na Selva Lacandona é produto da política ambiental mexicana que, durante quarenta anos, havia definido a selva como uma região de preservação da biodiversidade, porém, tal política ambiental gera relações de poder nas áreas em que atua; ii) a relação homem-natureza, que neste artigo se refere à relação entre a comunidade indígena (Comunidade Zona Lacandona -CZL) e as ANPs, apresenta as tensões que surgem devido ao tamanho e às necessidades das populações que vivem nessas áreas, mais que
This book is a piece of research on the question of the global and the development of the global systems approach (alternatively global systemic approach or global systemic anthropology). The book is written in a clear and concise style and the arguments are made in a comprehensible form. It is an edited collection of articles originally written and published in the 1970s and shows the intellectual journey of Kajsa Ekholm Friedman and Jonathan Friedman. The book is well structured in general terms although there are two problems: the lack of a general conclusion and the logic among the chapters is hard to discern without the connecting function of general and sectional introductions.The authors' main concern has been to understand the structures of long-term historical processes. They propose a conceptual framework that consists of two structures (social reproduction and centre/periphery relations) and a notion of society that criticizes the limitations of a single-society-based understanding characteristic of traditional anthropology. It also consists of a notion of 'long-term continuity' (the collapse of civilization) and a notion of 'articulation' (that explains the links between the local and the global). Starting from this conceptual model, the authors argue that the events from the collapse of the Bronze Age civilization to the Industrial Revolution and the economic crises of the 1970s can be grasped only in larger reproductive terms. However, how useful would this model be in explaining the financial crisis of 2008?Alan Greenspan, the former US central banker and ultimate technocrat, asks a similar question: How did econometric forecasting models fail so dramatically? In his book, Greenspan (2013) reiterates his faith in the homo economicus and statistical forecasting and prescribes public policy solutions to address and stop the problem of a declining world system (collapse). On the other hand, the conceptual model of the anthropology of global systems would highlight long-term historical processes. The authors argue that there are indeed similarities between those processes involved in today's crisis and those 544438I SS0010.
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