Context: Linum usitatissimum (Linn); known as Flaxseed, is one of the most important medicinal plants traditionally used for health benefits and also as nutritional purposes. Objective: Estimation of total phenolic and flavonoid contents, as well as evaluation of the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities have been performed on hexane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and methanol extracts and also, on fractions of methonal extract (hexane, ethyl acetate and n-butanol). Materials and methods: Phenolic and flavonoid contents were detected using spectrophotometric and colorimetric assays. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities were estimated in-vitro. Anticancer activity of extracts was tested on hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (HepG2) and breast cancer cell line (MCF7). Results: Methanolic extract and its ethyl acetate fraction contain higher contents of total phenols and flavonoids. In addition, methanolic extract had higher antioxidant activity. Butanolic and ethyl acetate fractions at concentration 500µg/ml yielded higher percent of inhibition of protein denaturation; 87.9% and 90%, respectively. Whereas, ethyl acetate fraction and methanolic extract had anticancer activity against HepG2 and MCF7 (IC50=60±0.24 and 29.4±0.12µg.ml-1) and (IC50=94.7±0.21 and 227±0.48µg.ml-1), respectively. In GC-MS analysis, methanolic extract has 32 compounds whereas ethyl acetate and butanol fractions contain 40 and 36 compounds, respectively. Conclusion: Flaxseed contains totally different biologically active compounds that have been found to possess good variable activities, which can protect human body against several diseases.
Background: Petroselinum crispum is a common vegetable or spice in Egypt and worldwide. It possess many pharmacological and medicinal properties. Aims: In the current research, the total phenolic and flavonoid contents as well as the antioxidant activities of P. crispum methanolic extract and its fractions were evaluated. Methodology: The total phenolic content was estimated by Folin-Ciocalteu method and total flavonoid content was tested by aluminum chloride assay. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl radical (DPPH) assay, 2, 2ʹ-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6sulphonic acid) assay (ABTS), and total antioxidant capacity assay. Results: The ethyl acetate fraction derived from the methanolic extract exhibited the highest total phenolic content (121.95±2.15, mg GAE/ g extract) and total flavonoids content (106.45±2.18 mg rutin equivalent / g extract). Furthermore, the ethyl acetate fraction demonstrated the more potent
Introduction: Cisplatin is a highly effective chemotherapeutic agent; its clinical use is severely limited by serious side effects as nephrotoxicity. The aim of this study is to evaluate the nephroprotective activity of defatted methanolic extract of two Egyptian plants: Lantana camara and Cucurbita pepo and certain fractions derived from the defatted methanolic extract of L. camara on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Also, identification of certain chemical constituents of L. camara by HPLC-ESI-MS. Methods: Nephrotoxicity was induced in rats by single dose of cisplatin. The effect of plants extract at doses 100-400 mg/kg.b.wt comparing with standard; ascorbic acid; was determined using serum urea, creatinine and some ions. Furthermore, the effect of these extracts on some renal antioxidant enzymes and histopathological examination of kidneys were examined. Results: The defatted methanolic extract and ethyl acetate fraction of L. camara showed the highest improvement of renal parameters. Also, HPLC-ESI-MS analysis of L. camara extracts exhibited bioactive phenolic compounds including phenyl ethanoid, flavonoids and phenolic acids. Conclusion: The phytochemical constituents of L. camara are responsible for their nephroprotective activity.
Fowl cholera (FC) and Avian Influenza (AI) are two of the major economically important respiratory and septicaemic disease of poultry in Egypt and allover the world. A field trails was conducted to evaluate the immunogenicity of an experimentally multivalent inactivated Fowl cholera (P. multocida) and Avian Influenza (H9N2) vaccine. The In this study a combined inactivated Montanide ISA fowl cholera and AI vaccine was prepared then the immunization potency and protective efficacy were evaluated through experimental application on different poultry breeds including broiler breeder, broiler and turkey flocks.The peak of humeral immune response against P. multocida as measured by ELISA was at the 5th week post vaccination and at 3rd week post boostering all over the used poultry flocks. At the same time, AI immune response as measured by HI reached the peak at the 6 th week post vaccination and at 2 nd week post boostering. Regarding the challenge test, the protection levels were 76.6, 70 and 80% and 90, 86.6 and 93.3% against P. multocida while protection levels were 83.3, 80 and 86.6% and 93.3, 90 and 96.6% against AI virus after challenge with the used virulent strains post single and booster dose respectively. In conclusion the combined prepared fowl cholera and AI vaccine succeeded in eliciting protective antibody titres and full protection against both fowl cholera and AI diseases.
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