BACKGROUND: Achieving effective communication between medical providers and families with limited English proficiency (LEP) in the hospital is difficult. OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to identify barriers to and drivers of effective interpreter service use when caring for hospitalized LEP children from the perspectives of pediatric medical providers and interpreters. DESIGN/ PARTICIPANTS/ SETTING: We used Group Level Assessment (GLA), a structured qualitative participatory method that allows participants to directly produce and analyze data in an interactive group session. Participants from a single academic children’s hospital generated individual responses to prompts and identified themes and relevant action items. Themes were further consolidated by our research team and verified by stakeholder groups. RESULTS: Four GLA sessions were conducted including 64 participants: hospital medicine physicians and pediatric residents (56%), inpatient nursing staff (16%), and interpreter services staff (28%). Barriers identified included: (1) difficulties accessing interpreter services; (2) uncertainty in communication with LEP families; (3) unclear and inconsistent expectations and roles of team members; and (4) unmet family engagement expectations. Drivers of effective communication were: (1) utilizing a team-based approach between medical providers and interpreters; (2) understanding the role of cultural context in providing culturally effective care; (3) practicing empathy for patients and families; and (4) using effective family-centered communication strategies. CONCLUSIONS: Participants identified unique barriers and drivers that impact communication with LEP patients and their families during hospitalization. Future directions include exploring the perspective of LEP families and utilizing team-based and family-centered communication strategies to standardize and improve communication practices.
The purpose of our study was to better understand why parents/caregivers might not practice safe sleep behaviours. In autumn 2016, we conducted ‘pulse’ interviews with 124 parents/caregivers of children under the age of one year at a variety of local community events, festivals and meetings in cities with high infant mortality rates around the Midwestern US state of Ohio. Through an inductive approach, pulse interviews were analysed using thematic coding and an iterative process which followed for further clarification of themes (Qualitative Research in Psychology, 2006, 3, 77; BMC Medical Research Methodology, 2013, 13, 117). The six major themes of underlying reasons why parents/caregivers might not practice safe sleep behaviours that were identified in our coding process included the following: (a) culture and family tradition, (b) knowledge about safe sleep practices, (c) resource access, (d) stressed out parents, (f) lack of support and (g) fear for safety of baby. Using the descriptive findings from the pulse interviews, qualitative themes and key informant validation feedback, we developed four diverse fictional characters or personas of parents/caregivers who are most likely to practice unsafe sleep behaviours. These personas are characteristic scenarios which imitate parent and caregiver experiences with unsafe sleep behaviours. The personas are currently being used to influence development of health promotion and education programs personalised for parents/caregivers of infants less than one year to encourage safe sleep practices.
According to this sample of school administrators, their doors are open to some extent, but the majority SUA were informal agreements. Advocacy efforts for SUA should include the passage of a state-level law that provides reasonable immunity from liability. Outreach to the school community should include examples of written formal agreements, innovative cost management examples, and updated research on the connection of PA to learning and academic performance.
College students may be particularly stressed as they struggle to balance college life, work, family, and relationships, while engaging in career exploration and attempting to find meaning and purpose in their lives. The current practitioner action research project explored incorporating mindfulness and contemplative practices into the higher education classroom to uncover students’ perceptions of how useful the activities might be for managing their personal stress and anxiety. Thirty-two freshman and sophomore students from a regional campus of a large university consented to participate in the semester-long study, where brief, weekly mindfulness activities were integrated into in-class and out-of-class assignments during an introductory Personal Health course. Study findings indicated that the majority of student participants found mindfulness practices were helpful when it came to decreasing stress and anxiety or relaxing. Making time outside the classroom to practice mindfulness behaviors, however, was a barrier. These findings have both practical and positive implications for future higher education classroom interventions. As such, the authors contend that college-level instructors should incorporate mindfulness and contemplative activities into the curricula of their health education courses to help college students master mindfulness strategies and encourage their use in reducing stress and anxiety.
Suicide is a prevalent health issue for youth and understanding youth experiences is critical for the development of effective prevention strategies. Although youth perceptions regarding suicide are relatively well studied, there is a paucity of youth voices in the planning, design, facilitation, and implementation of suicide prevention research. This study examines youth perceptions of suicide prevention through a community-academic partnership with the Youth Council for Suicide Prevention (YCSP). Working together as co-researchers, the YCSP conducted a modified Group Level Assessment with over 200 youth to understand youth perspectives on suicide prevention. The findings were used by the council to inform outreach and prevention activities that directly affect YCSP members and their peers.
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