Prior to current studies on the emergence of drug resistance with the introduction of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Cameroon, we performed genotypic analysis on samples from drug-naïve, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals in this country. Of the 79 HIV type 1 (HIV-1) pol sequences analyzed from Cameroonian samples, 3 (3.8%) were identified as HIV-1 group O, 1 (1.2%) was identified as an HIV-2 intergroup B/A recombinant, and the remaining 75 (95.0%) were identified as HIV-1 group M. Group M isolates were further classified as subtypes A1 (n ‫؍‬ 4), D (n ‫؍‬ 4), F2 (n ‫؍‬ 6), G (n ‫؍‬ 12), H (n ‫؍‬ 2), and K (n ‫؍‬ 1) and as circulating recombinant forms CRF02_AG (n ‫؍‬ 41), CRF11_cpx (n ‫؍‬ 1), and CRF13_cpx (n ‫؍‬ 2). Two pol sequences were identified as unique recombinant forms of CRF02_AG/F2 (n ‫؍‬ 2). M46L (n ‫؍‬ 2), a major resistance mutation associated with resistance to protease inhibitors, was observed in 2/75 (2.6%) group M samples.

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