Background: Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common type of thyroid malignancy and has one of the most increasingly incidence among other cancers in the United States. According to the theory of cancer stem cells (CSCs), it has been established that expression of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH1A1) has been linked to play a fundamental role in PTC initiation, proliferation, invasiveness, local recurrence metastasis and chemotherapeutic resistance. However, ALDH1A1 expression patterns in the normal tissue around PTC (NPT) and comparing it with that of multinodular goiter (MNG) have not been well established. Materials and methods: A total of 70 patients included in this study, mostly admitted to Al-Yarmouk teaching hospital/Baghdad. 50 cases of PTC including safety margins with 5 cases positive nodal metastasis and 20 cases of MNG tissue specimens have been prepared to be stained immunohistochemically with anti-ALDH1A1, and compared the expression profiles between the two groups and with age and gender. Results: Overexpression of ALDH1A1 was significant in the NPT group compared to that of MNG in regards to the percentage of immunopositive cells and staining intensity. NPT with nodal metastasis group showed even higher significant difference than metastasis negative NPT group (P-value<0.01). Conclusion: ALDH1A1 expression in normal tissue around PTC was similar to that of PTC and higher than MNG tissue.
BACKGROUND: Many physiological factors including body temperature, age, height, and gender of the subject affect the nerve conduction parameters (both sensory and motor nerves), so attention should be played for these factors during the evaluation of the nerve function to avoid the false results and later on the false diagnosis of the disease. AIM: The aim of the study was to observe the power of height on median and ulnar nerves conduction parameters (both motor and sensory fibers) in male subjects. METHODS: Seventy healthy males aging 18–60 years were incorporated in the study, for them, motor and sensory nerve conduction study of both ulnar nerve and median nerve was done using NIHON KHODEN machine. RESULTS: There was a significant positive correlation between height and the latency of ulnar sensory nerve (r = 0.29, p = 0.01, and odd’s ratio was 1.6). At the same time, there was significant negative power of height on median and ulnar sensory amplitude (r = −0.32, p = 0.007 and r = −0.28, p = 0.018, respectively). CONCLUSION: The consequence of height on median and ulnar nerve conduction parameters (motor and sensory) is crucial for interpretation the data and later on the diagnosis of the diseases.
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