This study aims to analyze the factors that influence the ability, participation of female farmers, household food security status, and formulate a strategy to increase the participation of female farmers to achieve household food security. This research applies survey methods in four villages from two sub-districts that have the most farmer households and are classified as food insecure in East Lombok Regency with a total of 300 female respondents. The analysis used is Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results of the SEM analysis explain that the factors that influence: 1) the ability level is the support of the provision of extension, access to resources, and the support of the socio-cultural environment of the community; 2) the level of participation is household socio-economic, access to resources, abilities, and personal characteristics; 3) household food security status is a personal characteristic, ability, and access to resources. Strategies for increasing the participation of female farmer in achieving household food security are increasing the ability of female farmers, increasing support for conducting education, increasing access to information, enhancing the quality of personal characteristics, enhancing household socioeconomic characteristics, strengthening supporting socio-cultural environment, and conditions ideal participation for female farmers.
The gender perspective in community forest management in Central Lombok Regency is focused on analyzing gender equality in domestic and productive activities, particularly access and control of forest resources. This research is conducted by using Framework Harvard Analysis through interviews with respondents, in-depth interviews and focus group discussions with certain informants. The unit of this research’s analysis is women whose household has the right to manage community forest. This study shows that there is a gender equality bias which is indicated by the low participation of women in controlling forest resources (planning, regulation, evaluation) due to the stereotypical view of gender roles in decision making which is dominated by men. However, the high participation of women is more involved in terms of access to forest resources (implementation, crop productivity, utilization) to improve household food security. Forest farmer households with a high level of gender equality through the active involvement of women in controlling forest resources will improve social and economic adaptation strategies with a high level of diversity.
Perempuan tani di Kabupaten Lombok Timur berperan intensif dalam produksi, pengolahan, penyiapan dan pendistribusian pangan keluarga, namun kualitas konsumsi pangan rumah tangga masih rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendiskripsikan dan menganalisis faktor yang berhubungan dengan kemampuan perempuan tani, dan menganalisis kemampuan perempuan tani mewujudkan ketahanan pangan rumah tangga. Penelitian menggunakan metode penelitian survei dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 300 rumah tangga yang tersebar di Kecamatan Terara dan Aikmel Kabupaten Lombok Timur. Data primer diperoleh melalui wawancara terstruktur dengan menggunakan kuesioner, wawancara mendalam, pengamatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik pribadi perempuan tani kuat dalam hal kematangan dan motivasi, namun lemah dalam pendidikan formal dan non formal. Perempuan tani dominan dalam pengambilan keputusan rumah tangga tetapi rendah pendapatannya. Perempuan tani tidak mendapatkan dukungan sosial budaya, dan terbatasnya akses terhadap sumber daya produktif. Secara umum, dukungan penyuluhan terhadap perempuan tani dalam mewujudkan ketahanan pangan rumah tangga juga lemah. Tingkat kemampuan perempuan tani secara teknis lebih baik daripada secara manajerial dan sosial rendah. Kemampuan perempuan tani dalam mendukung ketahanan pangan rumah tangga berhubungan positif dan nyata dengan pendidikan non formal, motivasi, tanggungan keluarga, luas lahan, keputusan, akses sumberdaya dan penyuluhan. Untuk itu, diperlukan penyuluhan ketahanan pangan yang intensif dan spesifik bagi perempuan tani. Kata kunci: perempuan tani, kemampuan, extension, ketahanan pangan rumah tangga WOMEN CAPACITY TO SUPPORT FARMER HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY ABSTRACT. Eventhough women's farmer in East Lombok District involve intensively in production, processing, preparation and distribution of family's food, but the status of household's food consumption is low. This study aims to analyze the capacity of women's farmer to support household food security. This research applied the survey method that took place in four villages of two sub-districts in East Lombok Districts, with 300 housewife as respondents. The results showed that the personal characteristics of women's farmer show maturity and motivation, but weak in the formal and non-formal education. Women's farmer have dominant role in decision-making but lack of income; have limited access to resources; have lack supported of social culture and extension; have better the level of technical capacity than managerial and social. The capacity of women's farmer related positively and significantly with non-formal education, motivation, family size, land size, decision making, access to resources and extension. This requires specifically and intensive extension for women's farmer.
The province of West Nusa Tenggara (WNT) once made a history of rice self-sufficiency in Indonesia. In 1984 through the Gogo Rancah policy, WNT managed to get out of the food crisis to become self-sufficient in rice. This achievement caught the whole world’s attention because President Suharto specifically conveyed this success in a speech at the FAO Forum in Rome in 1984. Since then, the Province of West Nusa Tenggara has become a place of learning for many countries, especially in dryland agriculture with the gogo rancah system. This study aims to examine various approaches that have been taken by the government so that they have succeeded in increasing the production and productivity of farmers in WNT, especially for rice commodities. Furthermore, what factors influence that they are successful in their farming business. Another objective is to find out the relationship between food security policies and the occurrence of food insecurity in West Nusa Tenggara. The method applied to answer the problems and objectives of this research is the literature review method. The author collects articles from various relevant scientific journals and takes open data from the Central Statistics Agency. The conclusions of this study are as follows: first, various approaches that the government has taken in dealing with food security in West Nusa Tenggara have succeeded in increasing the production and productivity of rice farmers. Second, the factors that influence the success include the awareness and increasing knowledge of farmers and high participation in the application of the technology introduced. Third, the increase in rice production has not been successfully eliminating the problem of food insecurity in West Nusa Tenggara.
The behaviour of women in providing, obtaining, and utilizing food can determine the status of household food security. Consumption of diverse food including animal protein is very important to prevent stunting. The level of energy consumption which is still below the national standard and the low consumption of animal protein by the people of West Nusa Tenggara Province contribute to the high number of stunting cases in West Nusa Tenggara Province, especially West Lombok Regency. To reduce it, the Government of West Lombok has provided guidance to coastal communities through extension activities on optimizing the marketing and processing of fish caught to fisherwomen. This study aims to find out about the role of extension workers in supporting household food security, analyse the influence of the role of extension workers on the behaviour of women fishermen and analyse the effect of women’s behaviour on the status of household food security. The research was conducted in Batu Layar District, in Meninting Village and Senteluk Village and Lembar District, Sheet Village and South Sheet Village. The research was conducted using an explanatory survey method with data collection through interviews with 60 respondents, observations, and in-depth interviews with several fisherwomen informants and key informant. Then the data was analysed by regression analysis. The results of the analysis indicate that the higher the role of the extension worker will be able to change the behaviour of fisherwomen, and changes in the behaviour of fisherwomen will improve the status of household food security. Thus, increasing the competence of extension workers must be comprehensive, not only focusing on the production aspect but also on the importance of food and nutrition aspects. Then, it is necessary to encourage an increase in the role of extension workers in conducting counselling and mentoring to change the behaviour of fisherwomen in processing, selecting, providing, and distributing diverse and nutritious food to each household member.
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