J Journal of Applied Toxicology publishes reviews and research articles on mechanistic, fundamental and applied research relating y to the toxicity of drugs and chemicals at the molecular, cellular, tissue, target organ and whole body level in vivo (by all routes of exposure) and in vitro/ex vivo. Focus is on toxicogenomics and proteomics, teratogenesis/developmental/reproductive toxicology, carcinogenesis, mutagenesis,pharmacokinetics, pharmacotoxicological and metabolic mechanisms, risk assessment, environmental toxicology and environmental health as applied to humans (including epidemiological studies). In addition Journal of Applied Toxicology also publishes analytical and method development studies, mechanistic and molecular y toxicology studies on novel or existing drugs and chemicals, addressing important or topical aspects of toxicology. Special emphasis is given to papers of clear relevance to human health and regulatory pharmaceutical/chemical toxicology.
Efinaconazole is a new triazole antifungal for topical treatment of onychomycosis. The reproductive and developmental toxicity of efinaconazole was characterized in fertility and early embryonic development (rat), embryo-fetal development (rat and rabbit), and peri/post-natal development (rat) studies in accordance with current ICH guidances. In the fertility study, maternal reproductive toxicity was noted as estrous cycle prolongation (NOAEL=5mg/kg/day) but there were no male reproductive effects even in the presence of paternal toxicity (NOAEL=25mg/kg/day). Rat embryo-fetal and perinatal pup lethality was the most sensitive (NOAEL=5mg/kg/day) efinaconazole developmental toxicity and was noted at maternally toxic doses. Efinaconazole did not affect rabbit embryo-fetal development at maternally toxic doses (NOAEL=10mg/kg/day). No malformations were induced by efinaconazole in rats or rabbits. When compared with systemic exposures observed in onychomycosis patients, embryo-fetal toxicity in rats was noted at high (>100-fold) multiples of systemic exposure.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.