Talc-based formulations of the two strains of Pseudomonas putida were tested separately and together for their ability to suppress the development of Fusarial wilt of muskmelon, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis, under in vivo conditions in 2 consecutive years. In field trials conducted in 2001 and 2002, control efficacy achieved by seed treatment by the formulations of P. putida strain 30 was 63% and 46-50% for strain 180 at 90 days after transplanting. Seed treatment by the mixture of P. putida strains did not achieve as much effectiveness as biocontrol agents applied separately. Benomyl, used as reference chemical in both years, was less effective in reduction of the wilt severity of F. oxysporum f. sp. melonis than the bioformulation treatments.U. S.

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Biological control by using epiphytic bacteria against Erwinia amylovora has been considered as an alternative method for controlling the disease. Talc-based formulation of Pantoea agglomerans strain Eh-24 was applied at 30% and 100% bloom on two pear orchards which were selected from different locations in the Aegean Region in Turkey. Pear orchard trials were replicated for two years (1999 and 2000) in each place. Talc-based formulation of P. agglomerans strain Eh-24 was sprayed on pear trees which were naturally infected with E. amylovora. In the orchard trials conducted in 1999 and 2000, talc-based formulation of P. agglomerans strain Eh-24 reduced the percentage of blighted blossoms on pear orchards by 63% to 76%, approximately. Copper oxychloride+maneb was less effective in reducing the incidence of blossom infection by E. amylovora in each pear orchard than the bioformulation treatment. P. agglomerans strain Eh-24 labelled with Str R+ was applied at 30% and 100% bloom to monitor the colonization and population dynamics of P. agglomerans on pear blossoms. The population size of P. agglomerans strain Eh-24 strR+ on pear blossoms increased from 2x10 4 to 1.3x10 6 cfu per blossom over 18 days.

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