Background and Design: Alopecia areata (AA) is characterized by non-ciatricial hair loss with exacerbations and remissions. Although its etiopathogenesis is not known, autoimmune factors have been suggested. Our aim was to make contribution to the epidemiological properties of AA in Turkey, and to determine the poor prognostic factors that affect the course of the disease. Materials and Methods: One hundred and thirty-four patients who applied to the dermatology and venereology outpatient clinic of Istanbul Medical Faculty were included in the study. The patients were retrospectively investigated in terms of age, gender, clinical type, the area affected by alopecia, severity of the disease, number of relapses, disease duration, age at disease onset, presence of nevus flammeus, nail involvement, history of emotional and/or physical stress, family history of AA, family and personal history of atopy. Results: Of the 134 patients, 79 (59 percent) were male, 55 (41 percent) were female and M/F ratio was 1.4/1. The clinical type was AA in 86.5%, alopecia totalis (AT) in 3.7% and alopecia universalis (AU) in 9.7% of the cases. The most common involvement was the scalp in both genders and 92.1% of them had patch pattern. Severe involvement was found to be significant in the female patients (p=0.029), in those with juvenile onset (p=0.001), and ≥1 year of disease duration (p=0.001) as well as in the presence of nevus flammeus (p=0.017) and nail involvement (p=0.015). A family history of AA was present in 27.6% of the cases and it was more common in the juvenile group (p=0.034). There was no association between the severity of the disease and atopy.
Amaç: Alopesi areatada (AA), etyopatogenezde otoimmünitenin rolünü ve eşlik eden otoimmün hastalıkların prognoz üzerindeki etkilerini araştırmayı amaçladık. Yöntemler: Deri ve zührevi hastalıklar polikliniğine başvurmuş 134 hasta, ailesinde otoimmün hastalık öyküsü ve AA'ya eşlik eden otoimmün hastalık varlığı açısından retrospektif olarak incelendi. Bulgular: Çalışmaya alınan 134 olgunun 79'u erkek (%59), 55'i kadın (%41) idi. Araştırmada %16,4 oranında otoimmün hastalık saptandı. Otoimmün hastalık, kadınlarda (p=0,034) ve ailede otoimmün hastalık öyküsü olanlarda (p=0,011) yüksek bulundu. Otoimmün hastalık birlikteliği ile hastalık süresi, hastalık tipi, hastalık şiddeti, hastalık başlangıç yaşı, tırnak tutulumu, atopi, nevüs flammeus varlığı ve ailede AA öyküsü arasındaki ilişki anlamsızdı. AA'lı ailelerde otoimmün hastalık öyküsü %16,4 idi. Sonuç: AA'lı hem hasta hem de hasta ailelerinde otoimmün hastalık oranının yüksek saptanması, otoimmün hastalığın kadınlarda belirgin yüksekliği, AA'nın bir otoimmün hastalık olabileceği tezini desteklemektedir. Ayrıca otoimmün hastalığın varlığı AA'da kötü prognoza yol açmamaktadır. Objective: We aimed to investigate the role of autoimmunity in the etiopathogenesis of alopecia areata (AA) and the effects of the coexisting autoimmune diseases on the prognosis of AA. Methods: The records of 134 AA patients diagnosed in the dermatology and venereology outpatient clinic were retrospectively analyzed for the history of concomitant autoimmune disease and the family history for autoimmune diseases.
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