Illness perception is an important determinant of the depression/anxiety score in Turkish breast cancer patients.

With the out break of Syrian war, the number of refugees seeking asylum in another country worldwide has increased sharply. As a result of the Turkey's open border policy, Turkey has came one of the most affected countries by the crisis, and become the most Syrians hosted country. At the beginning of the Syrian influx, the attitudes of Turkish society towards Syrians were positive based on the understanding of hospitality. However, with the increase in the number of Syrians and the length of their stay, Turks' attitudes toward Syrians have turned to be xenophobia. According to Integrated Threat Theory, System Justification Theory and Unified Insturmental Model of Group Conflict, one of the most important factors underlying the negative attitudes and behaviors towards refugees is perceived threat. Perceived threat derives from several factors, and constitutes the basis of intergroup conflict between refugees and host-population. With the aim of examining threat perceptions of Turkish society towards Syrians, this research content analyzed 25 articles, published in between 2014-2017, focusing on negative attitudes and threat perceptions towards Syrians in the Turkish society. The analysis revealed that Turkish society considers Syrians as a threat in five different areas: (1) cultural (2) social and moral, (3) economic, (4) security and (5) access to basic service areas. These findings were discussed in the light of theories of threat perceptions, and policy recommendations were offered.

We have demonstrated, for the first time, high rates of ST131 clone among ESBL-producing E. coli isolates in Istanbul, a region with high rates of resistance to third-generation cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones. Further investigation of this high-risk clone and its contribution to high antimicrobial resistance in Turkey is essential. MALDI-TOF MS is a useful tool for detection of high-risk clones and associated resistance patterns, simultaneous to bacterial identification.

Novel moral norms peculiar to the COVID-19 pandemic have resulted in tension between maintaining one’s preexisting moral priorities (e.g., loyalty to one’s family and human freedoms) and avoiding contraction of the COVID-19 disease and SARS COVID-2 virus. By drawing on moral foundations theory, the current study questioned how the COVID-19 pandemic (or health threat salience in general) affects moral decision making. With two consecutive pilot tests on three different samples ( n s ≈ 40), we prepared our own sets of moral foundation vignettes which were contextualized on three levels of health threats: the COVID-19 threat, the non-COVID-19 health threat, and no threat. We compared the wrongness ratings of those transgressions in the main study ( N = 396, M age = 22.47). The results showed that the acceptability of violations increased as the disease threat contextually increased, and the fairness, care, and purity foundations emerged as the most relevant moral concerns in the face of the disease threat. Additionally, participants’ general binding moral foundation scores consistently predicted their evaluations of binding morality vignettes independent of the degree of the health threat. However, as the disease threat increased in the scenarios, pre-existing individuating morality scores lost their predictive power for care violations but not for fairness violations. The current findings imply the importance of contextual factors in moral decision making. Accordingly, we conclude that people make implicit cost-benefit analysis in arriving at a moral decision in health threatening contexts. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12144-021-01941-y.

AIM: To compare the depression and anxiety scores among breast cancer (BC) survivors who received different adjuvant endocrine therapies. PATIENTS AND METHOD: A total of 154 patients (with 6 months to 10 years follow-up) were recruited in this cross-sectional study. The patients were divided into three groups according to the type of endocrine therapy: selective oestrogen receptor modulator (tamoxifen), thirdgeneration aromatase inhibitors (AIs; e.g. anastrozole and letrozole), and luteinizing hormone realizing hormone (LHRH) analogue with tamoxifen. Patients' age, menopausal status at diagnosis, educational level, marital status, and disease characteristics including stage, treatment, and follow-up period since diagnosis were noted. Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Anxiety Inventory, and Duke-University of North Carolina Functional Social Support Questionnaire were used to assess the depression, anxiety, and functional social support, respectively. Statistical significance of the associations was analysed using Spearman correlation, Student's t, Mann-Whitney u, and ANOVA tests. RESULTS: Patients' mean age was 49.8 (28-77) years. Age and perceived social support which are patient-related factors affected anxiety and depression scores, while disease-related factors did not affect. Patients who received LHRH analogue with tamoxifen presented more anxiety scores. Patients who received tamoxifen had more depression scores than those who received AIs. This may have been due to the fact that the tamoxifen group is composed of young and pre-menopausal patients. CONCLUSION: Young age and lower social support are important determinants of higher anxiety and depression scores. The use of LHRH analogue is one of the risk factors for the development of anxiety in BC survivors. ARTICLE HISTORY

In consideration of the paucity of empirical research on sport-based interventions for improving intergroup relations, this study makes a contribution to the literature by introducing a theoretically based intervention program, and evaluating its efficacy. It also extends previous studies by considering Turkey as a field of application.

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This research aims to explore how Chechen refugee women living in Turkey who have lived through the distress of war and traumatic loss in particular make sense of their experience. More specifically, it examines these women' s meaning-making and coping strategies. The semi-structured interviews with 13 Chechen refugee women have provided the main data of this research. Interpretive phenomenological analysis has been used to analyze the data. The analysis of the accounts shows Chechen women to have become vulnerable and distressed. In response to the traumatic experiences of war, they have deepened their religious beliefs, as these beliefs provide resources for dealing with their traumatic memories. In consideration of the meaning-making and coping strategies of the Chechen women in this study, 10 recurrent themes have been found: increased religious service, submitting to the will of God, Alhamdulillah, theological explanations for the causes of war, depersonalizing traumatic experiences, what qualifies one as a martyr, the expected benefits of martyrdom, earning the honor of this martyrdom, idealizing the martyr, and a narrative of obliged happiness. All coping strategies except the narrative of obliged happiness have been found as important resources for coping and resilience for Chechen women. The narrative of obligatory happiness, however appears to interfere with these women' s healing processes.