Organizational voice described as employees' attitude of expressing their opinions to influence organizational activities reluctantly has three varieties of "acquiescent voice" including acquiescence behaviour relying on submission; "defensive voice" including self-defence behaviour because of a certain fear; and "prosocial voice" behaviour toward others relying on cooperation; and these varieties differentiate according to the motives underneath of organizational voice. In the present study, it was investigated whether organizational voice behaviour and varieties of organizational voice behaviour significant origin of organizational change and development exhibit significant difference according to the demographical variables, or not. To that end, a survey study was conducted on the white-collar employees of the Denizli City companies ranked in the ISO 500 list. In the analysis of data collected from 202 white-collar employees, T-Test and ANOVA methods were employed. As a result of these analyses, it was revealed that organizational voice behaviour varieties displayed by employees were not significantly correlated with any demographical variable statistically.
We produce infinite families of SKT manifolds by using methods of toric geometry like the J-construction. These SKT manifolds are total spaces of certain principal G-bundles over smooth projective toric varieties, where G is an even dimensional compact connected Lie group.
Çalışmada girişimcilik, sermayenin mal ve hizmet üretimine dönüştürülmesi bağlamında ele alınmıştır. Üretilen mal ve hizmetin son müşteriye ulaştırılması konusunda yatırım yapan, risk alan ve ekonominin can damarını oluşturan esnaflar da birer girişimcidir. Bu çalışmanın konusu, Denizli'deki dokuma sanayi kültürünün son tüketiciyle buluştuğu yer olan Babadağ İşhanı'ndaki esnaflarla aynı kentin markalı bir alışveriş merkezinde mağaza açıp işleten esnaflar üzerine araştırma yapmaya yöneliktir. Çalışmanın amacı sermayesini ticarette yatırıma dönüştürerek riske giren ve bu vasfıyla girişimci özelliği gösteren Babadağ İşhanı esnafı ile Denizli'deki alışveriş merkezi (AVM) esnafının esnaf girişimciliği bağlamındaki özelliklerini karşılaştırmaktır. Araştırma yöntemi olarak adı geçen her iki gruptan ikişer esnafa mülakat yapılmıştır. In this study, entrepreneurship is discussed within the context of transformation of the capital to the production of goods and services. The tradesmen who invest in delivery of goods and services produced to the end customer, take risk and constitute the vital point in economy are also entrepreneurs. The subject of this study is about to do research on tradesmen in Babadaglilar Office Block in which textile industry culture meet with end customers in Denizli and tradesmen who open and operate stores in branded shopping centers at the same city. The aim of the study is to research on the features of tradesmen who take risk by transforming his capital to investment by trade and exhibit entrepreneurial features with this qualification in Babadaglilar Office Block and tradesmen in shopping centers in Denizli in the context of tradesmen's entrepreneurship. As a research method, two interviews have been done with two tradesmen from both mentioned groups.
People’s sector is an establishment of an enterprise result of bringing together production tools take decisions related to the management of this property and create self-employment opportunities with people’s own savings. This is the most distinctive feature from the private sector and the public sector. As well as the public sector and the private sector, labor is a part of the production, but in people’s sector, employees participate in management, capital and profit. In private sector and public sector there is an up to down organization but in People’s Sector, organization settles from down to top. People’s Sector resemble to publicly held companies and worker companies in Western Europe and United States but differ from them in the form of establishment and statue of partnership. Because in these companies in the West, government or private sector open shares to public or make workers partner to the shares. In these companies, managerial decisions belong to the person or group that holds most of the shares. Whereas in public sector enterprises, people come together and have equal rights in establishment and management of the enterprise, without any person or group keeping the majority of shares in the hand. Without a precedent in the world, this sector is formed in 1970’s with the savings of the workers went from Turkey to Germany and other European countries. In this study, a literature rewiev in the people’s sector has been made, then exemplary research was carried out by the founders of the two People’s sector companies.
Wortman (1989) defines the rural entrepreneurship as the creation of a new organization that introduces a new product, serves or creates a new market, or utilizes a new technology in a rural environment. In other saying, rural entrepreneurship is a value creating activity for both entrepreneur and rural area. Rural entrepreneur is defined as someone who lives in rural and carries out entrepreneurial activities in there. Purpose of this study is to investigate rural entrepreneurship in rural development context. Accordingly, a field research was done in order to reveal rural entrepreneurship findings in Yatagan where Turkish swords and knives produce and market. After examination of documents including historical development and present situation of Yatagan's production and entrepreneurship tradition, interviews were conducted with related individuals who attempted on aforementioned area. According to the findings obtained from field research, the business which was founded by the local community failed to ensure its continuity. It means production and marketing activities turned back to the family business level. The production of Yatagan is effectuated in small workshops at the present day. Sales are performed personally or customers directly come to manufacturers and place an order by using the internet or by wholesalers. As a result of the field study, some suggestions have been presented to convert rural entrepreneurship to rural development.
Community entrepreneurship is a kind of entrepreneurial activity for common utilities that is carried out in cooperation with members of that community. Both entrepreneur and enterprise function together for the well being of community members in this kind of entrepreneurship sense since the main aim of community entrepreneurship is contribution to regional economy and social growth. Nevertheless, existence of community entrepreneurship can be possible in the light of an entrepreneurial leader rising from the community. Community entrepreneurship is seen as more essential for developing countries as rising of such countries is possible from below to top. Since entrepreneurs, who has intention to community entrepreneurship, obtain required capital in a different way than the traditional understanding of entrepreneurship. In this way, local people who normally do not prefer to invest in a private enterprise, are convinced to invest in a community enterprise. There are many examples of community entrepreneurship with established businesses in the context of people's sector in Denizli. Babadaglılar Office Block was organized as a model form of community entrepreneurship with the leadership of Kazım Kaynak in 1976. Even though, that was founded in order to market commodities of producers and sellers from Babadag, today, it is an office block in which sellers from Denizli come together to sell textile products usually made in Denizli. Within this scope, interview method is preferred as a research methodology. Interviews were done with Kazım Kaynak’s son and Office Block manager. They told how Babadag Office Block emerged and how still operated.
Although Turkish economy system was based on a patriarchal community for a long time, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, founder of Modern Turkish Republic, has been promoted innovative policies for female citizens to incorporate them into social and economic life. Thanks to those policies, crucial changes have emerged especially for well-educated and cultivated ''urban women''. In this respect, conventional social construct and economic system have been a burden for some of those ''urban women''. They both took care of their families and joined the economic system and raised their career expectations. In recent years, there are some entrepreneurship curriculums and financial support projects has been launched for women who would like to take an active role in business life. Those projects provide opportunity for Turkish women to create their own business instead of working as employees. First of all, literature review on ''community development'' and ''women entrepreneurship'' was conducted in this study. Those issues considered as not only an economic issue but also social and psychological behavioral processes usually by using macro-sociological analysis method. Secondly, an empirical research performed in Denizli province, in which considerable economic moves have been realized in recent years. In this context, qualifications of women entrepreneurs who set up a business afterwards of financial and educational supports of governmental and non-governmental organizations such as Denizli Chamber of Commerce, Denizli Entrepreneurial Association, Association of Eurasian Executives and Businessmen were introduced. Furthermore, women entrepreneurs evaluated by quantitative comparison according to years.
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