The present investigation aims to perform experimental study to show the feasibility of application composite materials as secondary roofs, as well as their capability for reducing cooling load in building. Moreover, compare some of their mechanical properties and acoustic insulation with conventional secondary roofs. Three basic models, which are common, were chosen for the construction of buildings' roofs in Baghdad (concrete and concrete tiles as basic components of the first model, brick and clay tiles as basic components of the second model and brick and normal tiles as basic components of the third model). In addition, three composite materials were used in present work (fiber glass+ Nylon 66, fiber glass+ one layer of date palm cortex and fiber glass+ two layers of date palm cortex). The gypsum plates have been selected as a conventional secondary roofs when performing calculations and comparison. The results show that using proposed composite materials leads to significant reduction in cooling load by about 69.56 %, 65.3 % and 65.5 % respectively for the three models. In addition, the comparison of acoustic insulation shows that the proposed materials offer good acoustic insulation. Moreover, these materials able to afford external shocks better.
Abstract-The paper presents Determination of pressures and flow for an Electro-pneumatic elevator system controlled by PLC to achieve the requirements modifications for improve presence model. The controller used for the prototype was implemented in Ladder logic on a PLC. The PLC used for this work is (LS\GLOFA-G7M-DR20A) series with (8) input and (12) output and the expansion modal (G7E-DR10A) series with (6) input and (4) output and become (14) input and (16) output. The PLC is programmed with Ladder diagram. This develop of a new elevator system is expected to be effective at ideal design in low-rise internal buildings when this elevator type are used
Composite Materials have been used extensively in application such as pipes and pressure vessels. Therefore it is important for further studies on the properties of these materials. This paper presents the results from a series of tensile tests on the mechanical properties of composite materials. Specimens cut from pipes made from composite materials were tested under internal pressure loadings have been tested by using a series of ASTM Standards test methods for mechanical properties. Based on the results obtained, the longitudinal E 11 , transverse E 22 and shear modulus G 12 of 101.2 GPa, 5.718 GPa, 4.346 GPa and 36.6, 5.4 GPa, 4.085 GPa for carbon and glass fiber/ epoxy composites, respectively, while the ultimate longitudinal XL, transverse XT and shear tensile τ0 strengths of 1475.4 MPa, 20 MPa, 36 MPa and 618.9 MPa, 14 MPa, 28 MPa for carbon and glass fiber/epoxy composites, respectively. The results from this series of tests have been presented and compared with results from analytical equations. Good agreement was achieved between the experimental results and analytical results.
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