BackgroundThe improvement of bone ingrowth into prosthesis and enhancement of the combination of the range between the bone and prosthesis are important for long-term stability of artificial joints. They are the focus of research on uncemented artificial joints. Porous materials can be of potential use to solve these problems.Objectives/PurposesThis research aims to observe the characteristics of the new porous Ti-25Nb alloy and its biocompatibility in vitro, and to provide basic experimental evidence for the development of new porous prostheses or bone implants for bone tissue regeneration.MethodsThe Ti-25Nb alloys with different porosities were fabricated using powder metallurgy. The alloys were then evaluated based on several characteristics, such as mechanical properties, purity, pore size, and porosity. To evaluate biocompatibility, the specimens were subjected to methylthiazol tetrazolium (MTT) colorimetric assay, cell adhesion and proliferation assay using acridine staining, scanning electron microscopy, and detection of inflammation factor interleukin-6 (IL-6).ResultsThe porous Ti-25Nb alloy with interconnected pores had a pore size of 200 µm to 500 µm, which was favorable for bone ingrowth. The compressive strength of the alloy was similar to that of cortical bone, while with the elastic modulus closer to cancellous bone. MTT assay showed that the alloy had no adverse reaction to rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, with a toxicity level of 0 to 1. Cell adhesion and proliferation experiments showed excellent cell growth on the surface and inside the pores of the alloy. According to the IL-6 levels, the alloy did not cause any obvious inflammatory response.ConclusionAll porous Ti-25Nb alloys showed good biocompatibility regardless of the percentage of porosity. The basic requirement of clinical orthopedic implants was satisfied, which made the alloy a good prospect for biomedical application. The alloy with 70% porosity had the optimum mechanical properties, as well as suitable pore size and porosity, which allowed more bone ingrowth.
Gluteal muscle contracture is not very common, but cases are still seen in China. Open surgical treatment is considered as an efficient method to treat this disease. However, the type of incision that can provide best results is yet to be determined. The authors therefore compared various incisions to determine the better one. In this retrospective study, patients who underwent surgery with a traverse straight incision, a curved incision, a longitudinal straight incision, or an 'S'-shaped incision above the greater trochanter were enrolled and divided into four groups: A, B, C, and D. In each group, the patients were divided into different levels according to a specific standard. The four groups were compared in terms of incision length, postoperative drainage amounts, wound healing rates, visual analog scale scores, and improvement in the degree of range of motion (ROM). During the follow-up period, the validity of the results, complications, and recurrent cases were evaluated. In our study, incision length and visual analog scale score of the four groups showed no significant differences (P>0.05). Wound healing rates, drainage amount, improvement in ROM, validity of the results, and recurrences in group D were significantly the best (P<0.05). No significant differences in wound healing rates, drainage amount, and improvement in ROM were found in groups A, B, and C. In terms of validity of the results and 1-year recurrence, no significant difference was observed between groups A and B; however, these factors were better than those in group C. We concluded that the 'S'-shaped incision above the greater trochanter is the most efficient among the incisions described in this study. This incision has the following advantages: clear exposure, less damage, high safety rate, excellent results, and low recurrence rate.
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