Histopathological examination revealed undifferentiated small round and oval tumoral cells. Immunohistochemical staining was positive for vimentin, desmin, and myogenin. The final diagnosis was alveolar RMS. She received radiotherapy and chemotherapy by vincristine, actinomycin-D, doxorubicin, and ifosfamide. The patient was in good condition with no tumor recurrence or metastasis at the 1-year follow-up.
Background: Cancer is one of the major causes of death worldwide and the third leading cause of death in Iran. One of the proteins that are considered having anticancer effects is the adiponectin hormone. Adiponectin leads to programmed cell death, prevents cell growth and proliferation, and increases the expression levels of BCL2. Aim: The aim of this study was to assay the expression of adiponectin receptors (AdipoR1 and AdipoR2) genes in gastric cancer patients. Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, 42 gastric cancer patients and 52 volunteers as healthy controls were enrolled. Total RNA was extracted. cDNA was synthesized by the reverse transcription method, and expression analysis was performed by realtime PCR. The serum level of adiponectin was also measured by ELISA. Results: The expression of both AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 was significantly higher than the control group (p = 0.02). Serum adiponectin was significantly lower in gastric cancer cases when compared with normal controls (p = 0.03). Conclusion: We found that expression level of AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 is strongly higher; however, the level of circulating adiponectin is lower in gastric cancer. Our study suggests that the expression of AdipoR1 and AdipoR2, besides the low level of adiponectin, may play an important role in the development and/or progression of gastric cancer.
Background: Neutropenia is a common side effect of chemotherapy and one of the most common causes of severe infection and mortality in patients with hematological malignancies. Some studies showed that antimicrobial prophylaxis resulted in lower febrile neutropenia (FN) episodes and mortality rates. Objectives: We aimed to determine the efficacy of prophylaxis with ciprofloxacin in patients with hematological malignancies. Methods: In a randomized double-blinded clinical trial from 1 March to 1 September 2016, we assigned patients with chemotherapy-induced neutropenia into two groups. We used the random permuted blocks method for randomization. The first group received oral ciprofloxacin at a dose of 500 milligrams daily until the neutrophil count reached 1000 cells per microliter or fever occurrence, defined as the primary outcome. The second group received a placebo in the same shape and size. We compared FN episodes and the mortality rate in these two groups by SPSS-22 software, using chi-square, Fischer's exact tests, and student t-test at P-value < 0.05. Results: Seventy-three males (60.8%) and 47 females (39.2%) entered our study. The mean age of the patients was 47 ± 14.6 years. Acute leukemia was the most common underlying malignancy in 81 out of 120 subjects (67.5%). Fever (P = 0.005) was significantly lower in the ciprofloxacin group, but the mortality rate (P = 0.783) did not differ between the two groups. Conclusions: We found that the prophylaxis with ciprofloxacin decreased FN in our patients but did not influence the mortality rate. We believe that antimicrobial prophylaxis may be helpful in neutropenic patients, especially in decreasing FN and its related comorbidity.
We report a 16-year-old boy with dissemination of the myxopapillary ependymoma along the neuraxis following spinal trauma. The possible mechanisms of tumor dissemination are discussed with a review of the literature.
Background: Many rheumatologic conditions are associated with thrombocytopenia due to antibody-mediated platelet destruction. Knowing the rate of ITP patients who develop vascular collagen diseases and the developed type can help predict future treatments and even take preventive measures. Objectives: This study aimed to know the frequency of immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) in collagen vascular disorders. Methods: The present retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in 2020 on the health records of 447 eligible patients. First, the patient’s details, such as age, gender, marital status, age at diagnosis, time from the diagnosis of ITP to the development of lupus, and the patients’ ANA and anti-dsDNA test results, were extracted from their records and entered into the preparation checklist. Finally, the data were entered into SPSS-23 and analyzed at a statistically significant level of 0.05. Results: The mean interval between the initial diagnosis of ITP and vascular collagen disease diagnosis was 2.1 ± 0.9 years. The records of 336 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) were also assessed, of whom 15 (4.5%) had first developed ITP and then lupus. Hence, of the 447 patients included in the study, 17 (3.8%) with a history of ITP then developed lupus. Conclusions: Comparing the present findings with the results of other studies shows that Iranian patients with ITP develop vascular collagen disease at a lower rate.
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