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Background: Hernia is a condition that occurs when an internal organ pushes through a weak point in the muscle or tissue. This study aimed to assess how well the individuals in the Eastern Region of Saudi Arabia understand the risk factors of abdominal hernias. Methods: This qualitative, cross-sectional, community-based study included 385 participants (aged 18-45) between January and February 2021. The online electronic survey was posted on social media in the Eastern region of Saudi Arabia. The data were retrieved, evaluated, coded, and processed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences program version 22. Results: This study found 44.9% of the participants to have poor awareness regarding hernia, 35.3% had good, and 14% had very good, while 5.7% had excellent awareness regarding hernia. The present study enrolled 385 participants where 241 were female and 144 were male. Age groups were 18-25 (61%), 26-35 (14.5%), and 36-45 (24.4%). Most of the participants (79%) linked the cause of hernia to heavy weight lifting. Furthermore, 64.4% of the participants linked pregnancy as a risk factor for hernia. Over half of the participants in the study (52.5%) linked surgery as a risk factor of hernia. Other risk factors included constipation, prostatic enlargement, asthma, diabetes mellitus, and smoking, which showed an apparent lack of awareness in the participants with proportions of 39.7%, 30.6%, 20.5%, 14%, and 12.5%, respectively. Conclusion: The study demonstrated a lack of awareness of the population of the Eastern region of Saudi Arabia about the causative factors of hernia among the participants.

Background: Previously, and specifically at the last period of 20th century, TB was one of the major leading cause of death. However, the incidence of TB has been decreased. Around ten million cases have been reported in 2015, 61% of them are recorded in Asia. The yearly incidence rate of TB that is recorded in Saudi Arabia is 12/100,000. Eradicating TB is the future plan for the entire world, and WHO are intending to get free TB world. This plan can't be real if general populations are not aware of TB. Aim: The aim of this study is to assess knowledge, attitude and practice with TB among eastern and western Saudi Arabia community. Method: That was cross-sectional study. So, participants have been selected by random sample from public places in eastern and western Saudi Arabia. The tool that we used to collect data is Self-administrated questionnaire contains demographic part and awareness of TB evaluation part. Then we compare evaluations results according to many variables specifically the region by Chi-Square Test. We consider the result of the comparison is significant level once P-value < 0.05. Result: Around 750 participants in this study (Response rate 93.75%) by mean age 32. Only 3.6% have a history of TB and 16.8 % have relative with a history of TB. Only 18.1% of participants have good knowledge, only 15.1% have favorable attitude and most of the participants have a good practice (63.7%). People with high degree educational level have better knowledge than others. People who have relative with a history of TB have better knowledge. Females are better in attitude more than male, western populations have a better attitude than eastern, and people who have relative with a history of TB have a better attitude. People with high degree education have a better practice than others and people who have relative with a history of TB have a better practice. Conclusion: Eastern and western region in Saudi Arabia have a very poor knowledge and Attitude towards TB, and Western populations have better attitude compared to that of Eastern. Participants have high percentage of a good practice which still needs to be improved Level of education is an important factor that may control the level of knowledge about TB.

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Background: Good oral hygiene is a critical factor to ensure good orthodontic treatment. Maintaining good oral hygiene in orthodontics is one of the essential factors related to compliance. Assessment of oral hygiene practices is crucial for adequate understanding of the patients' oral healthcare need, which may influence the quality and timing of the therapy. Methods: This is an epidemiological study based on electronic survey questionnaire. This research was performed among active orthodontic patients in Saudi Arabia. The study group included at least 384 aged above 18 years. The outcomes of this study will be analysed using the SPSS program using a pre tested questionnaire.Results: 505 individuals in total, with a mean age of 24.6 ± 11.8 years and ages ranging from less than 14 to 60. 448 (88.7%) of the participants or 274 women (54.3%), go to private clinics. Participants in the study practice cleaning their teeth. A total of 418 participants (82.8%) brushed their teeth. Brush and electric were both typical for 58.1% and 12.2% of individuals who complied with TB, respectively. Regarding frequency, 42.6% of subjects had TB once, while 37.6% had it twice. Conclusion: More than half of the participants in the study had poor self reported oral hygiene, particularly when it came to how frequently they used mouthwash and other oral hygiene techniques like brushing. The majority of patients reported using subpar procedures and just a small percentage of participants performed dental care in accordance with best practices.