Scientific reasoning patterns of students formal operational base on the implementation of problem solving heuristic methods has been obtained. The aim of this research is knowing the influence of heuristic problem solving method that has been designed on practicum sheet of discovery learning model to develop scientific reasoning of students. The samples are 32 students in junior high school at 11-13 years old. The methods are CTSR test of scientific reasoning by Lawson and interview. The research design is one grup pretest-posttest. The results indicated that problem solving heuristic methods can be a factor to develop scientific reasoning of students. The lowest level of scientific reasoning (concrete reasoning pattern) is decrease 34,38%. The middle level of scientific reasoning (transitional reasoning pattern) is increase 31,25%. The highest level of scientific reasoning (formal reasoning pattern) is increase 3,13%. Heuristic methods helping students to develop scientific skills, such as setting hypotheses, modifying variables, and analyzing results of research. The scientific reasoning pattern can not be classified by age. People who has older of age has not impact in high scientific reasoning level than younger people. If someone fail on concrete aspect, it is not necessarily that person will be fail in formal aspect.
AbstrakTali tahan air dengan diameter 5 mm dan panjang 30 cm telah dihasilkan dari proses pemintalan serat pelepah pisang. Proses pemintalan diawali dengan memisahkan serat pelepah pisang bagian dalam dan bagian luar setelah melalui proses pengeringan. Serat bagian dalam direndam dengan larutan kitosan 2% dengan variasi perendaman selama 1 jam sampai 5 jam. Larutan kitosan dengan konsentrasi 2% didapatkan dengan melarutkan asam asetat 1% dengan serbuk kitosan. Serat pelepah pisang kemudian di jemur kembali sampai kering, dilanjutkan dengan proses pemintalan serat menjadi tali. Kwalitas tali tahan air ditunjukkan dengan uji berat jenis, uji daya serap air, dan uji kekuatan putus. Nilai berat jenis tertinggi diperoleh tali dengan perendaman 5 jam yaitu 0,78. Nilai daya serap air tertinggi diperoleh tali tanpa perendaman yaitu 87,39%. Sedangkan nilai kekuatan putus tertinggi diperoleh tali dengan perendaman 2 jam. Kata-kata Kunci : Serat pelepah pisang, tali tahan air, kitosanAbstract Waterproof rope with diameter 5 mm and length 30 cm has been produced from banana stalk by spinning process. Spinning process is began by separating inner and outer banana fiber after drying process. The inner fiber is soaked by chitosan 2% with variation of dyeing for 1 hour to 5 hours. Chitosan 2% is obtained by dissolving acetic acid 1% with chitosan powder. Banana fiber is dried and spinned to be a rope. The quality of waterproof rope is indicated by density test, water absorption test, and breaking strength test. The highest density 0,78 is obtained from 5 hours of dyeing. The highest water absorption 87,39% is obtained without dyeing. And the breaking strength 290,00 N is obtained from two hours of dyeing.
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