Corn silk from female flowers consists of a group of stigmas that are smooth, soft, and look like threads and yellowish silk. Corn silk is rich in phenolic compounds, especially flavonoids and high natural antioxidant compounds. This content varies according to the corn varieties. Bisma variety is one of the many local corn varieties grown in Temanggung, Central Java. The first step in separating phenolic compounds is extraction with solvents. Methanol is one of the solvents that are often used in the extraction of phenolic compounds. Some of the contributing factors affect the rate and quality of extraction on the components of bioactive compounds, two of which are temperature and length of extraction. This study aims to determine the optimum condition of extraction of corn silk from local Bisma varieties using Response Surface Methodology. The experimental design used was factorial in the Randomized Block Design (RBD) with two factors and three replications. The local corn silk of the Bisma variety, 80% methanol solvent concentration and a ratio (1:20) were extracted with a length of extraction (60, 70, 80 and 90) minutes and a temperature of 40° C, 50°C, 60°C and 70°C. The extraction results from each corn silk were analyzed for chemical and phytochemical characteristics.The optimum condition for extracting corn silk powder was obtained at 40oC and the extraction time was 60 minutes. In this condition, chemical content produced is as follow: 0.80% of soluble fiber, 0.58% of insoluble fiber, 1.38% of total fiber, 2.36% of moisture content, 2.50% of ash content, 1.29% of fat content, protein content of 16.93%, and carbohydrate content of 78.20%, and phytochemical content were total phenol of 5342.45µg EAG / g, total flavonoids of 167.45µg EAG / g, beta-sitosterol of 996.53 ppm, antioxidant activity of 50.41 %.
Corn silk has not been well-utilized. Actually it has the capacity to develop into functional food because it contains bioactive compounds and high natural antioxidant such as flavonoids and phenolics and positive effects on human health. There are several factors that influence the quality of corn silks extracts, including ratio (raw:solvents) and extraction temperature. This research was couducted to determine the influence of ratio (raw:solvent) and extration temperature of corn silk extracts. The experimental design used Randomized Block Design (RBD) which consisted of two factors and 3 replications. The first factor was type of solvent. All treatment use (raw:solvents) ratio at (1:4). The first factor consists P1=raw:ethanol (1:4)(w/v), P2=raw:methanol (1:4)(w/v), P3=raw:ethyl acetate (1:4)(w/v), and P4=raw:acetone (1:4)(w/v). and the second factor was extraction temperature that consists S1=60°C, S2=70°C, and S3=80°C. Data were analyzed with analysis of variance, followed by Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) test at 5% significant level. Parameters of chemical analysis were included (water, ash, protein, fat, and carbohyrate), and phytochemical analysis were included (total phenol, total flavonoid, activity antioxidant, beta carotene, and vitamin C). The results showed that the type of solvent and extraction temperature of corn silk extracts have significantly effect on water, ash, protein, fat, and, total phenol, total flavonoid, activity antioxidant, beta carotene, and vitamin C. Methanol solvent and extraction temperature at 60°C is the best treatment which have the highest protein and the lowest fat content at 18.22%±1.13 and 0.17%±0.02 respectively, and the highest total phenol, total flavonoid, activity antioxidant, beta carotene, and vitamin C at 8216.89±132.39 μgGAE/g; 234.29±3.98 μgGAE/g; 215.27ppm±3.87; 80.80%±1.84; and 8.84%±0.45 respectively.
Corncobs are one of the agricultural wastes that have nutritional and functional content. The advantages of processing corn cobs into powder include durability, a smaller volume, and lighter weight, making it easier to pack and transport. One of the important steps in making corn cobs powder is drying to determine the durability and quality of the corn cobs powder. This study aimed to determine different drying durations of corncobs powders and their effect on physical, nutritional, and phytochemical properties as an alternative to functional food and foodstuffs. The experimental design used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD), consisting of one factor with four treatments: 4;5;6;7; and 8 hours and four replications. The results showed that different drying times had significant (p<0.05) physical, nutritional, and phytochemical properties. Corncobs powder with a drying duration of 7 hours has the best physical properties (water absorption at 1.34 ml/g, solubility at 26.76%, whiteness at 66.62%, and bulk density at 0.64 g/cm 3 ), nutritional contents
This study aims to determine the chemical, physical, and organolpetic analysis of cereals made from red rice flour and red bean flour. The experimental design in this study used a completely randomized design of one factor, namely the formulation of red rice flour and red bean flour as much as 4 formulas of red rice flour: red bean flour (A = 295: 5, B = 290: 10, C = 285: 15, D = 280: 20), 4 repetitions. The results showed that the best formulations of cereals in red rice flour and red bean flour were chemically, physically and organoleptically formulated as many as 280g and 20g (Formula D), with soluble fiber content 0.8550% and insoluble fiber 0.5400%, and antioxidant activity 15.76%. The others chemical composition of the resulted products was water content 3.49%, fat content 3.03%, protein content 11.64%, starch content 10.26%. This product had a rehydration time for 830 seconds when it started to be wetted by milk and 1192 seconds when all the parts were submerged in the media. Product water absorption was 2.9%. The overall organoleptic parameters showed a score of 4.64 (really like).
The aim of this study was to optimize the different solvents and extraction conditions on fiber contents of local corn silk powders. Each sample of corn silk powder extract was analyzed by enzymatic method for fiber content including soluble fiber, insoluble fiber and total fiber. Design using Factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 4 factors are local varieties of cornsilk (Bisma, Arjuna and Srikandi Putih), different solvents (water, methanol, ethanol and ethyl acetate), different concentration of solvents ( methanol (60%, 70% and 80%), ethanol (60%, 70% and 80%), ethyl acetate (60%, 70% and 80%) and water), and ratio of material and solvent (1:5 (w/v), 1:10 (w/v), 1:15 (w/v) and 1:20 (w/v)). Response Surface Methodology (RSM) technique for optimum condition determination was used. Results showed that the difference in experimental conditions affects the content of soluble fiber, insoluble fiber, and total fiber produced by optimization analysis using the DX11.0® Program with RSM-Central Composite Design (CCD). In conclusion, Bisma variety, solvent of methanol, concentration of 80% solvent and ratio of (1:20) was selected as the optimum condition of which resulted in soluble fiber content of 0.85%, insoluble fiber of 0.60% and total fiber of 1.45%.
This study aimed to determine the effect of corn silk powder extracts using in vivo to lipid profile and liver fat (a liver weight and adipose fat). The used experimental animals were 30 Sprague Dawley mice with 200-250 g mice weight divided into 6 groups. Each group of 5 mice was randomly determined, then the mice were caged individually. At the time of intervention for 21 days, group I received standard food, group II got hypercholesterolemia induction, group III received high-fat food induction and simvastatin drug, group IV induced hypercholesterolemia and corn silk extract dose 2.25ml, group V induced hypercholesterolemia and extract corn silk dose 4.5 ml, and group VI got hypercholesterolemia induction of corn silk extract dose 6.75 ml. The provision of corn silk extracts is based on recommendations for consumption of vegetables per day in humans from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) which is 30-40 g/day. Corn silk extracts were given as much as 125 ml; 250 ml; and 375 ml. The dose was then converted to mice (0.018) to obtain 2.25 ml; 4.5 ml; and 6.75 ml. Corn silk powder extracts significantly affected (p<0.05) on lipid profile and liver fat (a liver weight and adipose fat). The best corn silk powder extract was at a dose of 2.25 ml with lipid profile (total cholesterol of 24.4% from 120.29±2.23 ml/dl to 90.87 ±2.01 ml/dl, HDL cholesterol of 30.35% from 56.60 ±2.81 ml/dl to 81.26±1.88 ml/dl, LDL cholesterol of 53.84% from 57.47±0.82 ml/dl to 26.53±0.77 ml/dl, triglycerides of 29.14% from 98.15±1.92 ml/dl to 69.54±6.78 ml/dl), and liver fat content in P3 treatment dose 6.75 ml with a liver weight of 7.09 g and adipose fat of 6.99 g.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.