An experimental study is conducted to determine the performance parameters of system, as well as gradients of temperature and humidity along greenhouse when opening Fan-Pad cooling system. Measurements in the study were carried out by using seven sensors for different locations, as well as portable instruments. For this purpose, the five digital temperature and humidity sensors and two pyranometers were used during experiments. Among them, two were located outside greenhouse for external measurements. The rest one pyranometer above the crop canopy, four temperature and humidity sensors were mounted within the crop canopy along the greenhouse. Four sensors were placed according to positions defined between pad and fan. According to the experiment results, the non-uniform temperature changes, but approximately uniform humidity changes due to the crop transpiration were observed along greenhouse from pad panels to exhaust fans. When the cooling system closed, hourly mean temperature and relative humidity from Pad to Fan inside greenhouse changed between 30-33 °C and 30-47%, respectively, at outside climate conditions of 32 °C and 25%. After providing stabile cooling by opening Fan-Pad system, hourly mean temperature and relative humidity along greenhouse from pad to fan ranged between 20 -27 °C, and 50 -68%, respectively. The air temperature entering to greenhouse with air velocity of 0.8-0.9 ms -1 through pad was approximately 12-13 ºC lower than the outside air temperature. The air temperature from Pad to Fan increased approximately by 7 ºC. The method of psychrometric calculations was employed to determine the cooling efficiency of Fan-Pad system. According to the calculation result, the average of air temperatures inside greenhouse was 24.5 ºC after achieving stable cooling for outside air temperature of 31.4 ºC. The hourly mean cooling effect and cooling efficiency calculated for Fan-Pad system were determined to be 6.96 ºC and 76.8%, respectively.
Power delivery effi ciency shows how much engine power is used for a tractor drawbar. Eccentric traction is a factor infl uencing the power delivery effi ciency of a wheeled tractor. It occurs as a consequence of the off set position of a tractor implement, that is, when the traction line of the tractor and resistance line of the implement are parallel and do not coincide. Th is paper presents research on the power delivery effi ciency of wheeled tractors and its dependence on wheel slippage of central and eccentric drawbar forces on unplowed and plowed stubble. For this purpose, mathematical models and one algorithm were developed. Th e best power delivery effi ciency of the tractor on both unplowed and plowed stubble surfaces was obtained with central drawbar force. Power delivery effi ciency of the tractor on unplowed stubble decreased by 5.72% if eccentricity increased up to 0.16 m and by 12.33% if eccentricity increased up to 0.32 m. Power delivery effi ciency of the tractor on plowed stubble decreased by 8.88% if eccentricity increased up to 0.16 m and decreased by 19.05% if eccentricity increased up to 0.32 m.
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