Apartment construction is mostly carried out by including deep excavation works. However, excavation causes land instability; hence, the work needs to be done by a particular handler. In some cases, deep excavation is carried out on soft soil, which has a very high level of soil instability; therefore, a specific handling method such as ground anchor is required as an alternative. This study aims to conduct parametric research on the effect of using anchors on the stability of deep excavation. First, anchors of various slopes were modelled while varying the number of anchors up to four pieces. From the results of the study, the requirements representing the most efficient use of anchors were selected, and then various anchor bond lengths were modelled. Finally, the effect of applying various magnitudes of prestress forces to the anchor was determined. All of the models were examined to determine the influence on the stability of the deep excavation by observing the horizontal displacement and the forces that occur on the secant pile. From the analysis results, it can be concluded that the most effective slope angle is 0°. The displacement and forces occurred in the secant piles on the use of two, three, or four anchors has not a significant difference. The application of a higher prestress force on the anchor would yield better results as long as it is not exceeding 200 kN. However, in the case of an apartment building’s plans in Surabaya, the optimal anchor usage was found to be the use of two anchors with a 45° slope, 4.5 m for the first (A) and second (B) anchor bond lengths, 15 m free length anchor, 2.5 m vertical anchor distance, 1.2 m horizontal anchor distance, and the application of 200 kN prestress force.
As one country that has 83 volcanoes that are still active, Indonesia has natural resources in the form of volcanic ash which is pozzolan. In addition Indonesia is also a vast country so to support the equitable distribution of supporting facilities such as roads to support the development process. In the implementation of road construction is often found soil conditions that have low bearing capacity. Therefore, it is necessary to handle the subgrade of road that has low carrying capacity through stabilization with agent material.One material that meets the pozzolan material is volcanic ash. Volcanic ash of Mount Merapi has pozzolanik nature that is the nature of materials that will wake solid mass that increases harder as time increases and is difficult to dissolve in water when reacted with CaO contained in clay and lime.The study was conducted with a mixture of volcanic soil with 14 days of curing. Through triaxial testing of the efective confining pressure (σ0) of 547 kN / m2 with void ratio (e) of 1,059. The calculation of shear modulus (Gmax) was done by empirical formula proposed by Zen et al (1978) and obtained Gmax value of 134,044 Mpa as the biggest shear modulus with 25% volcanic ash and 5% lime.Keywords : pozzolan, stabilization, effective confining pressure, void ratioABSTRAKSebagai salah satu negara yang memiliki banyak gunung api yang masih aktif, Indonesia memiliki sumber daya alam berupa abu vulkanik yang melimpah dan bersifat pozzolan. Selain itu indonesia juga merupakan negara yang luas sehingga untuk menunjang pemerataan pembangunan diperlukan sarana penunjang berupa jalan untuk mendukung proses pembangunan. Dalam pelaksanaan pembangunan jalan sering dijumpai kondisi tanah yang memiliki daya dukung rendah. Oleh karena itu perlu penanganan terhadap tanah lunak yang memiliki daya dukung rendah melalui stabilisasi dengan bahan tambah. Salah satu material yang memenuhi material pozzolan adalah abu vulkanik. Abu vulkanik Gunung Merapi mempunyai sifat pozzolanik yaitu sifat bahan yang akan membentuk massa padat yang bertambah keras seiring bertambahnya waktu dan sukar larut dalam air apabila bereaksi dengan CaO yang terdapat pada lempung dan kapur. Penelitian dilakukan dengan campuran tanah-abu vulkanik dengan pemeraman 14 hari. Variasi kadar campuran yang diberikan adalah 0%, 20%, 25%, dan 30%. Selain itu dilakukan penambahan kapur 5% yang bertujuan memberikan ikatan yang baik apabila dicampur dengan tanah lempung.Melalui pengujian triaksial UU diperoleh tahanan kekang efektif (σ0)sebesar360kN/m2  dengan angka pori (e) sebesar 1,059. Perhitungan modulus geser (Gmax) dilakukan dengan rumus empiris yang diusulkan Zen dkk (1978) dan diperoleh nilai Gmax sebesar 134,044 Mpa sebagai modulus geser terbesar dengan kadar abu vulkanik 25% dan kapur 5%.Kata kunci : pozzolan, stabilisasi , tahanan kekang efektif, angka pori
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