This paper reviews published information on aerodynamically generated noise from large horizontal axis wind turbines operated for electric power generation. Methods are presented for predicting both the discrete frequency rotational noise components and the broadband noise components, and results are compared with measurements. Refraction effects that result in the formation of high-frequency shadow zones in the upwind direction and channeling effects for the low frequencies in the downwind direction are illustrated. Special topics such as distributed source effects in prediction and the role of building dynamics in perception are also included.
t summarizes noise induced house responses including frequencies, mode shapes, acceleration levels and outside-to-inside noise reductions. The role of house vibrations in reactions to environmental noise is defined and some human perception criteria are reviewed. Volume 19/Number 2 V o l u m e 1 9 / N u m b e r
The physical characteristics of noises associated with various aircraft and spacecraft and which cause dynamic loadings on either flight- or building-type structures are summarized. These noise loadings are characterized according to the manner in which they are generated, as well as their temporal and spectral characteristics.
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