As Service-Oriented Computing is gaining mainstream adoption, Services are emerging as core-building blocks of today's applications. In particular, web services have become the most common technology manifestation of the service-oriented computing paradigm. Basic open-standards that enable web services such as WSDL, SOAP etc. have evolved and stabilized over a period of time. However issues such as service composition, policy definition and enforcement, support for semantics are among the few issues that still remain open. With increased adoption of service-oriented computing and rapidly evolving technologies and standards to address these open-issues, heterogeneity has emerged in service development approaches leading to complexity and risks. In this paper, we address this problem by introducing modeling abstractions that could be used in the early-stage service development lifecycle of web-based electronic services. We present a holistic approach to services modeling using six model views. These views represent different perspectives of services modeling and form our core Services Metamodel with a grounding in the formal foundations of MOF2. AN MOF2-BASED SERVICES METAMODEL 72 J OURNAL OF OBJECT TECHNOLOGY V OL. 7, NO. 8.
A Service represents an underlying capability offered by a service provider. A service description describes two facets of a service -the service functionality (capability onoffer) and the terms at which the service is offered (terms of offer). The capability onoffer satisfies the goal of a service consumer under the constraints of the terms of offer. Service Policies are used to define the terms of offer of a service offering. Policies could potentially apply to service-level, domain-level or technical (infrastructural) aspects. In this paper, we present a systematic model-driven development approach to deal with service policies from the perspective of a service provider. Our approach addresses the entire development spectrum of service policies. It addresses definition of service policies using visual models and attaching these policy models to service capability description models. It also addresses transforming these policy models to executable specifications and finally enforcing these policies during service invocation.
Over the past decade, business operations in organizations are increasingly generating vast amounts of data. This steep increase in operational data – often known as big data – is a result of organizations capturing data at more fine-granular levels in business operations. Leveraging operational big data to improve business operations can create a sustainable competitive advantage to organizations. In this paper, we argue that operational big data is ”dead data” unless it is contextualized and made actionable for line-of-business users. Moreover, we explain how organizations can use SAP Operational Process Intelligence and the power of HANA to first, contextualize operational big data for real-time operational intelligence, second, provide line-of-business users visibility into business operations and business situations as they evolve and third, propose appropriate actions to respond to these business situations and help them reach business outcomes.
In a services marketplace where a particular service is provided by multiple service providers, service offerings have to be differentiated against competitor services in order to gain market share. Differentiation of services is also needed for different markets and for different consumer segments. Strategies to differentiate service offerings have to be unintrusive—without requiring major changes to the existing service realization mechanisms. In this article, the authors present Service Flavors, a strategy for service providers to differentiate services. By using this strategy, it is possible to analyze and adapt various aspects of a service that help differentiate it from that of the competitors. The authors model differentiating aspects as policies and also provide a mechanism for enforcing these policies in the middleware.
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