Pulmonary emphysema is a major manifestation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which is characterized by progressive destruction of alveolar parenchyma with persistent inflammation of the small airways. Such destruction in the distal respiratory tract is irreversible and irreparable. All-trans-retinoic acid was suggested as a novel therapy for regeneration of lost alveoli in emphysema. However, profound discrepancies were evident between studies. At present, no effective therapeutic options are available that allow for the regeneration of lost alveoli in emphysematous human lungs. Recently, some reports on rodent's models have suggested the beneficial effects of various growth factors toward alveolar maintenance and repair processes.
Therapeutic supplementation of rHuKGF rectifies the deregulated Ras-Raf-Erk pathway in emphysema condition, resulting in alveolar epithelium regeneration. Hence, rHuKGF may prove to be a potential drug in the treatment of emphysema.
Introduction:Multiple sclerosis is one of the common disabling neurological disorders. Cognitive deficits are emerging as the main cause of change in professional and social life. The P-300 event related potentials are delayed in latency in various disorders characterised by dementia. Here, we study the correlation of the event related potentials with cognitive decline in MS patients.
Aims and Objectives:To evaluate patients with multiple sclerosis clinically and electro physiologically measuring event related potentials in respect of latency and amplitude and to co-relate it with cognitive decline.Material and Methods: 30 consecutive cases of multiple sclerosis were included in the study. All the patients were subjected to detailed neurological examination with MMSE, dementia score of Blessed et al and information-memory -concentration test. All the neurophysiologic tests were performed. Results: The mean MMSE score was 26.16 (P < 0.01). The mean dementia score was 5.43 ± 4.0 (P < 0.01). P300 latency was significantly (P < 0.01) higher in patients as comparison to control subjects. Dementia scores showed significant correlation with P300 latency when partially correlated.Conclusions: Abnormal prolongation of P300 ERP latency had a high correlation with cerebral white matter involvement and with impaired cognition in multiple sclerosis.
Significance:The paper helps in identifying cognitive decline as a symptom of MS and strengthens how electrophysiology methods could be used to identify sub-clinical cognitive decline.
This research paper presents an experimental investigation using the Vertical Machining Centre (VMC) for machining the EN31 material. The study looks at how different input factors, including feed, speed, and cut depth, affect the output factors, like the material removal rate (MRR) and surface roughness (SR). The Taguchi method is used as the optimization technique to identify the optimal combination of input parameters that lead to maximum MRR and minimum SR. The objective of the study is to establish the relationship between input and output parameters and to offer a workable strategy for machining process optimization. The study's findings will advance our understanding of EN31 material machining with VMCs and have real-world implications for the machining sector.
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