ObjectiveTo test the null hypothesis that no difference exists between the effects of at-home bleaching and in-office bleaching on shear bond strength (SBS) with bracket bonding at 4 different time intervals after dental bleaching.MethodsNinety extracted human premolars were randomly divided into 9 groups (n = 10) according to the bleaching methods used (at-home bleaching and in-office bleaching) and the storage time in artificial saliva (30 min, 1 day, 2 weeks, and 3 weeks before bonding). The control group was stored in artificial saliva for 7 days. Brackets were bonded with the Transbond XT adhesive system, and SBS testing was performed. The adhesive remnant index (ARI) was used to assess the amount of resin remaining on the enamel surfaces after debonding. The SBS data were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Tukey test. For the ARI, the Kruskal-Wallis test was performed. Significance for all statistical tests was predetermined to be p < 0.05.ResultsThe SBS of the unbleached group was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than that of the bleached groups (except for the group bonded 30 min after at-home bleaching).ConclusionsThe null hypothesis was not totally rejected. All bleaching groups tested had decreased SBS of the brackets to the enamel, except for the group bonded 30 min after at-home bleaching. The SBS returned to values close to those of the unbleached enamel within 3 weeks following bleaching.
The in situ model tested was found to be effective in evaluating the accumulation and development of biofilm on orthodontic brackets. In the quantitative analysis, composite brackets showed greater biofilm adhesion values while metallic and ceramic presented similar biofilm absorbance spectrum.
How to cite this article: Brandão GAM, Simas RM, Almeida LM, Silva JM, Meneghim MC, Pereira AC, Almeida HA, Brandão AMM. Evaluation of ionic degradation and slot corrosion of metallic brackets by the action of different dentifrices. Dental Press J Orthod. 2013 Jan-Feb;18(1):86-93. » The authors report no commercial, proprietary or financial interest in the products or companies described in this article. Objective: To evaluate the in vitro ionic degradation and slot base corrosion of metallic brackets subjected to brushing with dentifrices, through analysis of chemical composition by Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) and qualitative analysis by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM).Methods: Thirty eight brackets were selected and randomly divided into four experimental groups (n = 7). Two groups (n = 5) worked as positive and negative controls. Simulated orthodontic braces were assembled using 0.019 x 0.025-in stainless steel wires and elastomeric rings. The groups were divided according to surface treatment: G1 (Máxima Proteção Anticáries introduction Deterioration and corrosion of orthodontic appliances is a concern for orthodontists in their clinical practice. This attention is focused in two main questions: If the corrosion by products, whether they are produced, are absorbed by the organism and can cause local or systematic effects; and which effects the corrosion has on the physical properties and clinical performance of orthodontic appliances. There are evidences that support the deleterious effects of the buccal environment on structural alterations of metallic biomaterials.23 Eliades et al 6,7 tested orthodontic materials and did not find ion release by nickel-titanium alloys, but observed levels of nickel and chromium released by stainless steel alloys. No material was mentioned as cytotoxic, probably due low quantity of released ions or for the way they link.The several appliances (brackets, arch wires, etc.) used during orthodontic treatment to obtain the dental movement are composed of materials with distinct physical integrity, structural compositions and mechanical properties. Their requirements are complex for they are put under many stresses in the oral environment. This includes immersion in saliva and ingested liquids, temperature variation, mastication efforts and the loading submitted to the appliances. The combination of these materials and hostile conditions provided by the environment can result in corrosion, ion release and deterioration of these appliances. The interactions that these corrosion by products can have on the manifestation of local or systematic problems in the individual's health is not well corroborated and comprehended in literature, 3,4,11 despite numerous case reports of hypersensitivity to nickel 13,21 and alterations on the ionic concentration of body fluids.
By understanding the craniofacial growth changes in MPS VI patients, new treatment options may be developed for affected patients.
Botulinum toxin is composed of 7 botulinum toxin antigenic subtypes. It is produced by Clostridium botulinum bacterial fermentation. Several botulinum toxin subtypes are under investigation for clinical use, but only botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) is currently approved for cosmetic use because of its clinical safety profile and efficacy. The use of BTX-A in cosmetic facial procedures is a reliable way to enhance aesthetics in the face and is becoming commonplace in oral and maxillofacial surgery. This article reports an uncommon complication after Botox injection in the upper lip, for cosmetic reasons, originating a mass in the anterior region of the maxilla, which leads to failure in orthodontic treatment. Knowledge of the site anatomy, pharmacology, and dose of BTX-A before its use in cosmetic surgery should be strengthened.
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