During the hydropenic state, the kidney, in the interest of water conservation, excretes a urine which is osmotically more concentrated than the blood. Since the glomerular filtrate has the same osmotic pressure as the plasma, in the elaboration of an osmotically concentrated urine the renal tubules must remove from this isosmotic filtrate a certain quantity of solute free water. The quantity of water so removed from any sample of urine is given by the difference between the volume of urine required to contain the urinary solutes in an isosmotic state, or the osmolar clearance, Co.m, and the urine-flow, V(1).
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