In the present era, Clinicians are keeny searching for better techniques, instruments and materials that enable the patient with better patient comfort and also superior dental treatment.The use of Laser enables the dentist to work more efficiently and precisely. Treatment of root canal leads to preservation of natural teeth that aid in mastication and esthetics.The more recent development in endodontic treatment is the use of laser. The study aims to assess and to create awareness on knowledge,attitude and practice on use of lasers in disinfection of canals.The study had a sample size/respondents of 100 dental students. An online survey with a pretested and validated questionnaire consisting of 11 questions testing awareness of laser use in disinfection of canals. The Questions regarding laser advantages,limitations, mode of action, wavelength used in disinfection of the canal were framed and shared with 100 dental students and their answers were recorded. Data was entered in Microsoft Excel sheets. The results were demonstrated in the form of pie charts. Association between gender and students awareness on different variables were assessed using chi square test.From the present study, we can conclude that female participants are more aware on laser effect, laser advantages, limitations and on adjuvant role of laser with irrigants, wavelength of Er:YAG,Er,Cr:YSGG, Diode, carbon dioxide laser in disinfection of canals and males are more aware of the wavelength of Nd:YAG. But there is a need for an awareness among students regarding the current application of LASER for providing better treatment without any complications.

Potentially malignant disorders are a heterogeneous group of lesions associated with the risk of malignant transformation to invasive cancer. Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) are considered as the early tissue changes that happen due to various habits such as smoking tobacco, chewing tobacco or stress. The rate of oral potentially malignant disorder transformation to malignancy is 2%–3%. The present study is a retrospective study in which 1000 patient records were reviewed and details such as gender, age, presence or absence of PMD, type of PMD were collected. Details were tabulated in excel, and results were obtained using SPSS. Chi-square analysis was performed to find out the association between different variables. Out of 1000 patients, 1.3% of patients had potentially malignant disorders out of which 77% were male, 23% were female. OSMF was present more in males (53.85%) which is followed by leukoplakia in males (23.08%). Females showed a predilection for lichen planus. The current study concluded the incidence of PMD as 13 per 1000 per year, and OSMF was found to be highest among the various potentially malignant disorders in the study population. This can be attributed to areca nut chewing habits which are high in Southeast Asia. More awareness programmes on the detrimental effects of tobacco & areca nut are necessary for effective prevention of potentially malignant disorder.

Platelet Rich Fibrin (PRF) is a natural fibrin-based biomaterial prepared from an anticoagulant-free blood harvest without any artificial biochemical modification that allows obtaining fibrin membranes enriched with platelets and growth factors. PRF is superior to other platelet concentrates like Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) due to its ease and inexpensive method of preparation and also it does not need any addition of exogenous compounds like bovine thrombin and calcium chloride. A blood sample of 10 individuals with healthy periodontium and no systemic diseases was collected and centrifuged to get platelet rich fibrin. Platelet rich fibrin is studied histologically to compare the ability of tissue regeneration and wound healing capacity between males and females. Neutrophils and lymphocytes are increased in A-PRF compared to S-PRF. Neutrophils and lymphocytes are proportionately more in males than females in both A-PRF and S-PRF. Monocytes are similar in A-PRF & S-PRF. Cells are more concentrated in S-PRF. Cells are more widely distributed in A-PRF. Fibrin is more dense in A-PRF compared to S-PRF. Hence A-PRF especially in males could have a greater potential of tissue regeneration and wound healing capacity. Although it is not conclusive due to limited sample size, further increase in sample size can throw more light on the clinical implications. The difference in regenerative potential of platelet concentrates can pave the way for specialised and focussed treatment strategies resulting in more favourable patient outcomes.