-We studied Picea glauca dynamics in the boreal forest of Saskatchewan, Canada, using 35 stands ranging from < 1 to > 200 y after fire. We determined the spatial pattern and the importance of seedbed conditions to the recruitment of P. glauca. Basal area increased along the chronosequence peaking at 110 y after fire (51.5 m 2 ha -1 ). The ratio of softwood to hardwood increased from 0.03 (16 y) to 17.0 (172 y). Picea glauca tree density increased with stand age, highest densities were observed in a 172 y stand (1413 stems ha -1 ). Picea glauca dominated the canopy between 93 and 172 y after fire. Picea glauca snags appeared about 66 y after fire, and remained relatively low in density until 160 y. Saplings were present at varying densities along the chronosequence. Seedlings established immediately after fire and exhibited bimodality with lowest densities observed between 110 and 125 y. Analysis with Ripley's K, showed that seedlings were mainly distributed at random in young stands but were clumped at a distances < 12 m in old stands. In young stands, the majority of seedlings regenerated on the organic layer (LFH 73%), while recruitment was almost exclusively on logs in old stands (94%). Picea glauca regeneration depended on propagule availability and seedbed characteristics at early stand age. Logs and the resultant canopy gaps formed, appear to be critical for P. glauca regeneration in mature and old stands.Picea glauca / boreal forest / stand dynamics / spatial pattern / Ripley's K Résumé -Dynamique de Picea glauca et répartition spatiale de la régénération selon une chronoséquence située dans une zone de forêt mélangée de la forêt boréale. Nous avons étudié la dynamique de Picea glauca en forêt boréale du Saskatchewan au Canada, en utilisant 35 peuplements dont l'âge va de 1 à 200 ans après incendie. Nous avons étudié la répartition spatiale des semis et mis en évidence l'importance des conditions du milieu de germination pour la régénération de Picea glauca. La surface terrière augmente au cours de la chronoséquence, avec un pic à 110 ans après incendie (51,5 m 3 par ha). Le rapport bois résineux sur bois feuillu s'accroît de 0,03 (16 ans) à 17,0 (172 ans) exprimé en surface terrière. La densité de tiges de Picea glauca augmente avec l'âge du peuplement, la plus forte étant observée dans un peuplement de 172 ans (1413 tiges/ha). Picea glauca occupe une place dominante dans le couvert entre 93 et 172 ans après incendie. On voit apparaître des Picea glauca morts sur pied, environ 66 ans après incendie ; ceux-ci restent peu nombreux jusqu'à 160 ans. On constate la présence de jeunes individus, en nombre plus ou moins grand, tout au long de la chronoséquence. Les semis s'installent aussitôt après incendie. Ils sont particulièrement denses à 50 et à 172 ans, avec un minimum entre 110 et 125 ans. L'analyse, à l'aide de la fonction de Ripley's K, montre que, dans les jeunes peuplements, les semis sont répartis au hasard, alors que dans les peuplements âgés, ils sont groupés par bouquets distants de moin...

Industri laundry merupakan industri rumah tangga yang menggunakan air dan deterjen dalam melaksanakan aktivitasnya. Deterjen mengandung surfaktan, builder, filler dan zat aditif yang menyebabkan kadar materi padat tersuspensi total (total suspended solid, TSS), kebutuhan oksigen biologi (biological oxygen demand, BOD) dan fosfat dalam air limbah laundry tinggi sehingga ketika dibuang langsung ke lingkungan dapat menimbulkan pencemaran ekosistem perairan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan efektivitas tanaman lembang (Typha angustifolia L.) di lahan basah buatan dalam penurunan kadar TSS, BOD dan fosfat air limbah industri laundry. Tanaman T. angustifolia ditanam di dalam bak reaktor bervolume 44,73 L yang dasarnya diisi pasir, kerikil dan lempung sebagai media tanam. Air limbah industri laundry dialirkan ke dalam bak reaktor melalui inlet. Proses fitoremediasi berlangsung enam hari. TSS, BOD, dan fosfat air limbah laundry sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan ditentukan kadar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengolahan air limbah laundry dengan tanaman T. angustifolia dalam lahan basah buatan mampu menurunkan kadar TSS, BOD dan fosfat secara berturut-turut sebesar 50 mg/L, 485,5 mg/L dan 29,1 mg/L. Efektivitas tanaman T. angustifolia dalam lahan basah buatan dalam penurunan kadar TSS, BOD dan fosfat secara berturut-turut sebesar 54 %, 22 % dan 39 %.

Phaeophyta merupakan salah satu kelompok makroalga yang tersebar melimpah di zona intertidal. Alga makrobentik ini memiliki struktur talus yang terdiri atas bagian holdfast, stipe, dan blade. Kelompok tersebut memiliki kandungan warna yang disebut pigmen fukosantin. Metode yang digunakan adalah road sampling dengan melakukan penyusuran seluruh area sampling menggunakan GPS (Global Positioning System). Jenis-jenis alga yang ditemukan diidentifikasi dan dideskripsikan secara morfologi. Analisis komposisi jenis dilakukan secara deskripsi kualitatif . Hasil yang diperoleh yaitu terdapat empat jenis Phaeophyta yang terdiri atas Sargassum sp., Padina australis, Spatoglossum sp., dan Turbinaria ornata. Jenis-jenis yang ditemukan umumnya memiliki karakteristik morfologi holdfastnya bentuk cakram dan lempeng, stipe pendek, serta blade berupa lembaran dan silindris.Kata Kunci: Pantai Pancur, Phaeophyta, Struktur Morfologi, Zona intertidal

This research aims to compare fresh biochar and NPK-enriched biochar and their decomposition levels and nutrient absorption efficiency in acid soil with soybean. Factorial randomized block design was used in this experiment and consisted of two factors. The first factor, biochar source, comprised four levels: B0: biochar without NPK, B1: rice straw biochar + NPK, B2: soybean straw biochar + NPK, and B3: wood biochar + NPK. The second factor, biochar enrichment, comprised four levels: D1: 0.5 tons ha^-1, D2: 2.5 tons ha^-1, D3: 5.0 tons ha^-1, and D4: 10 tons ha^-1. Each treatment was replicated three times, yielding 48 experiment units. The results showed that biochar enrichment with NPK affected the decomposition level. The percentage of increasing decomposition in enriched wood biochar (0.09%) was lower than rice (0.28%) and soybean (0.53%) straw biochar. An increase in NPK absorbance efficiency and soybean dry weight was evident in NPK-enriched biochar. The highest N absorbance efficiency occurred in wood biochar (21%), followed by soybean and rice straw biochar, respectively, while the highest P and K absorbances were found in rice straw biochar (35% and 26%, respectively), followed by wood and then soybean biochar.

Bandealit is one of the resorts in Meru Betiri National Park (MBNP). This area has many endemic floras and faunas affected by the presence of invasive alien spesies plants. These plants tend to give negative impacts on savana ecosystem among them is, Lantana camara L. The distribution of this invasive alien spesies in the savana can be used to provide information about the characteristic of the environment. This study was conducted to investigate the patterns of spatial distribution of invasive alien L. camara population in the Pringtali Resort Bandealit savana region. The characters of plant species morphology was recorded for species name identification and validation. Percent cover of the individual L. camara species was collected within 50 plots (5x5 m2), while each of coordinate species found in the plots was recorded by using GPS (Global Positioning System). Abiotic factors such as temperature, pH, light intensity, and soil moisture were measured within the plots. The location of the data collection is 5,000 m2. The distribution pattern of invasive alien L. camara population was analyzed using ArcGIS and Dispersion Morisita’s Index (Ip). The result showed that 51.7% of L. camara population grew spasially close together (clumped) or overlapped one another based on the ArcGIS. This means that L. camara individuals distributein clumped pattern. While the other individuals (48.3%) grew apart randomly from each other. This distribution pattern showed by Ip value, 0.51 was also clumped or clustered. It can be concluded that the distribution pattern ofinvasive alien species L. camara is clumped because the reproduction of plant was by seeds dispersal or vegetative buds that lived around parental individuals.Keywords: ArcGIS, Lantana camara L., Invasive Foreign Plants, Morisita index, Distribution Pattern.