Passive icephobic surfaces have been extensively studied by researchers due to their advantages of delaying icing time and reducing ice adhesion strength.However, icephobic materials with petroleum-based resources and toxic fluorine-containing chemicals, as one of the excellent icephobic materials, are very unfavorable for resource conservation and environmental protection. In this study, we report fluorine-free, highly transparent, chemically durable and low ice adhesion icephobic coatings prepared by glycerol triglycidyl ether (GTE) derived from natural glycerin and bis(3-aminopropyl) terminated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) via one-pot method. On the one hand, PDMS with multiple methyl groups and two amine groups acts as a hydrophobic modifier to modulate the surface energy of the coatings, and also acts as a structure modifier to modulate the mechanical properties of the coatings, which allow us to design and synthesis the coating with excellent deicing performance (ice adhesion strength can reach about 16 kPa). On the other hand, GTE with multiple epoxy groups works as cross-linker to endow the coatings with good cross-linked networks, so that the coatings showed good durability after being subjected to different temperature treatment and different solution treatments.
Many advanced fillers were used in ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) insulation composites to enhance the ablative resistance by strengthening char layer. However, the structures of fillers and char layer were usually neglected. In this work, a new type of cross-linked network-like polyphosphazene nanotubes (PNTs) was added in EPDM composites in combination with graphene. The results showed that the ablation performance of EPDM composites was improved by 21.6% with the synergistic effect of PNTs and graphene.Moreover, the ablation mechanism was studied by analyzing ablated char layer using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy disperse spectroscopy (EDS) and Raman spectroscopy. PNTs served as skeleton to build the cross-linked network char layer and graphene played a role in enhancing the properties of char layer. The findings of this work emphasize the synergistic effect of structures and properties of fillers when performing ablative modification, which provides a new idea to enhance the ablation properties of EPDM composites.
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