Background:Obesity is a key risk factor of hypertension. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 1 (ACE1) is a key enzyme involved in the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS), which contributes to obesity-related hypertension (OrHTN). Emerging evidence has shown that histone acetylation is also involved in OrHTN. As kidney is an effector organ that activates the RAAS by secreting renin after hypertension occurs, this study aimed to explore the regulatory role of histone acetylation on renal RAAS expression.Methods:Nineteen male Wistar rats were randomly divided into a control group (n = 9, fed normal chow) and a high-fat diet (HFD) group (n = 10, fed HFD for 16 weeks). The renal transcriptome and histone acetylation spectrum was analyzed by RNA sequencing and tandem mass spectrometry and was further confirmed by RT-qPCR, western blot, and immunohistochemistry. Then, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-qPCR analysis was performed for the detection of DNA–protein interaction.Results:After 16-week HFD, the rats became obese with increased plasma triglyceride and high blood pressure. Increased ACE1 and histone 3 lysine 27 acetylation (H3K27ac) expression levels were found in OrHTN rat kidneys. The following ChIP-qPCR analysis illustrated that the upregulation of ACE1 transcription was mediated by increased H3K27ac.Conclusion:H3K27ac could be an important histone acetylation site that activates renal ACE1 in HFD-induced hypertensive rats.
ObjectiveTo explore the association of dipping pattern and blood pressure load with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in pediatric essential hypertension.Materials and MethodsThrough an echocardiography monitor and an ambulatory blood pressure monitor of 425 children and adolescents diagnosed with essential hypertension with no treatment received, we identified 140 cases of LVH. Grouping patients according to LVH (LVH, N = 140; n-LVH, N = 285), we further evaluated their ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) parameters by comparing dipping patterns between groups. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to determine the effect of blood pressure load on LVH.ResultsNo significant difference was found in systolic or diastolic blood pressure dipping patterns between groups (P = 0.161, P = 0.139). However, compared to the n-LVH group, the LVH group presented significant elevated nighttime systolic blood pressure (SBP) (P < 0.05), while nighttime DBP remained stable (P = 0.391), resulting in higher daytime and nighttime SBP loads, higher nighttime DBP load, and higher 24-h SBP load (P < 0.05). Notably, our multivariable logistic regression has shown that this trend of 24-h SBP load acts independently as a critical risk factor for LVH.ConclusionCollectively, we observed a correlation between BP load and LVH in pediatric hypertension. Our data demonstrated that SBP load has a more significant weight in LVH progression, and 24-h SBP load, in particular, acts as a critical early prognostic parameter for LVH in pediatric hypertension.
Introduction The importance of global competence has been acknowledged in medical care as well as medical education. This study aims to develop a scale assessing the global competence of medical students, determine the factor structure and internal consistency of the scale and explore the underlying factors influencing the global competence of Chinese medical students in 8-year programs. Methods A questionnaire (Global Competence Assessment Scale for Medical Students, MS-GCAS) was developed, and a cross-sectional multicenter survey was conducted in 1062 medical students from 10 medical schools in China. Questionnaire data were analyzed using exploratory factor analysis and multiple linear regression. Results The exploratory factor analysis revealed a three-factor scale. The MS-GCAS has good internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.79 to 0.87). In the multivariate regression analyses, medical education stage (p<0.05), the frequency of communicating with foreigners (p<0.001), multilingual ability (p<0.05) and grade level (p<0.05) are associated with the MS-GCAS scores. Discussion The MS-GCAS has the potential to serve as a tool to measure the global competence of medical students. This three-factor scale can be used by medical education researches to improve future versions. Medical schools should conduct further educational reforms to promote students’ global competence.
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