BackgroundFibroblast activation protein (FAP) is commonly expressed in activated stromal fibroblasts in various epithelial tumours. Recently, 68Ga-FAPI-04 has been used for tumour imaging in positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT). This study aimed to compare the diagnostic performances of 68Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT and 18F-FDG PET/CT in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and to assess factors associated with 68Ga-FAPI-04 uptake in HCC.Materials and MethodsTwenty-nine patients with suspiciously HCC who received both 18F-FDG and 68Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT were included in this retrospective study. The results were interpreted by two experienced nuclear medicine physicians independently. The maximum and mean standardized uptake values (SUVmax and SUVmean) were measured in the lesions and liver background, respectively. The tumour-to-background ratio (TBR) was then calculated as lesion’s SUVmax divided by background SUVmean.ResultsA total of 35 intrahepatic lesions in 25 patients with HCC were finally involved in the statistical analysis. 68Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT showed a higher sensitivity than 18F-FDG PET/CT in detecting intrahepatic HCC lesions (85.7% vs. 57.1%, P = 0.002), including in small (≤ 2 cm in diameter; 68.8% vs. 18.8%, P = 0.008) and well- or moderately-differentiated (83.3% vs. 33.3%, P = 0.031) tumors. SUVmax was comparable between 68Ga-FAPI-04 and 18F-FDG (6.96 ± 5.01 vs. 5.89 ± 3.38, P > 0.05), but the TBR was significantly higher in the 68Ga-FAPI-04 group compared with the 18F-FDG group (11.90 ± 8.35 vs. 3.14 ± 1.59, P < 0.001). SUVmax and the TBR in 68Ga-FAPI-04 positive lesions were associated with tumour size (both P < 0.05), but not the remaining clinical and pathological features (all P > 0.05).Conclusions68Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT is more sensitive than 18F-FDG PET/CT in detecting HCC lesions, and 68Ga-FAPI-04 uptake is correlated mainly with tumour size.

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All-inorganic color converters are promising luminescent materials for high-power white lighting due to their excellent heat resistance and high thermal conductivity. However, the low color rendering of converters limits their applications in high-quality lighting. Herein, a broad-band and stable phosphor-in-glass (PiG) was developed for high-power white light-emitting diodes (WLEDs). This PiG converter was fabricated by sintering a green/red phosphor glass film on a glass plate with a patterned metal layer. The green Y3Al3.08Ga1.92O12:Ce3+ phosphor has a broad emission, which compensates for the cyan cavity between blue and green emission spectra, and then produces full-spectrum white light combined with the red CaAlSiN3:Eu2+ phosphor. The all-inorganic WLEDs were realized by welding the PiG on a substrate. The optical performance of PiG-based WLEDs was optimized by varying the film thickness. At the film thickness of 150 μm, the fabricated WLEDs achieve ultrahigh color quality of color rendering index (CRI) values (R a = 95.4, R 9 = 95.1, and R 13 = 97.3) and fidelity/gamut index values (R f = 91 and R g = 102). The corresponding luminous efficacy (LE) and correlated color temperature (CCT) are 65 lm/W and 5260 K, respectively. After aging at 100 °C for 200 h, the PiG-based WLEDs exhibit low efficiency loss and stable color quality compared with the traditional phosphor-in-silicone (PiS)-based WLEDs. The prepared PiG is a broad-band and stable converter enabling ultrahigh color rendering for high-power white lighting.

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