The rail profile measurement system is used to obtain the full section profile of the rail, which is the core of the wheel/rail interaction, based on the principle of infrared structured light. The system calibration is the key as to whether the accuracy is high enough to guide the railway maintenance. In this study, we propose a convenient and efficient checkerboard plane target calibration method based on the partition-based calibration. This method can theoretically solve the three unavoidable factors that affect the accuracy in the traditional method and is very easy to use in the field with the designed equipment. The test shows that this method has higher accuracy. We propose a correction method for the stitching calibration of double-sided cameras. Based on the standard block and high-precision stitching of rail, full section profile is achieved. Finally, through ingeniously designed field tests, it is proved that the original accuracy is significantly improved from 0.3[Formula: see text]mm to 0.1[Formula: see text]mm, and the repeatability is obviously improved as well. The method proposed in this study can also be extended to similar systems, improving system accuracy and simplifying the calibration procedures.
The non-coplanar lasers on both sides of the rail during full-section rail profile measurement based on line-structured light vision will cause the measured profile to be distorted, resulting in measurement errors. Currently, in the field of rail profile measurement, there are no effective methods for evaluating laser plane attitude, and it is impossible to determine the degree of laser coplanarity quantitatively and accurately. This study proposes an evaluation method based on fitting planes in response to this problem. Real-time fitting of laser planes with three planar targets of different heights provides information about the laser plane attitude on both sides of the rails. On this basis, laser coplanarity evaluation criteria were developed to determine whether the laser planes on both sides of the rails are coplanar. Using the method in this study, the laser plane attitude can be quantified and accurately assessed on both sides, effectively resolving the problem with traditional methods that can only assess the laser plane attitude qualitatively and roughly, thereby providing a solid foundation for calibration and error correction of the measurement system.
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