To investigate the development and current status of the treatment of pediatric indirect inguinal hernia. Inguinal hernias include indirect hernias and direct inguinal hernias, but there are almost indirect inguinal hernias in children . Pediatric indirect inguinal hernia that the most common disease in pediatric surgery is almost caused by patent processus vaginali which incidence ranges from 0.8% to 4.4%.The treatment of pediatric indirect inguinal hernia reflects the process of pediatric surgery development, which from conservative non-surgical treatment to high ligation of the longitudinal incision hernia sac. In recent years, with the continuous improvement of medical level in China, laparoscopic technique has been applied in hospitals all over China, and laparoscopic high ligation of indirect inguinal hernia sac has become the standard for the treatment of pediatric indirect inguinal hernia.
[Background] The buried penis has an abnormally smaller and shorter appearance. We performed a modified three-step procedure to correct the buried penis with satisfactory cosmetic results. [Methods] From May 2014 to December 2020, 150 boys, ranging in age from 2 to 7 years old (median age: 3.3 years), underwent this three-step procedure. The chief complaint was a smaller and shorter appearance of the penis. The surgical procedure consisted of three steps: complete degloving through a diamond-shaped penoscrotal incision, circumcision to remove the majority of the inner plate, and anchoring of the penopubic skin to the base of albuginea penis at the 4 and 8 o’clock positions with unabsorbable sutures. [Results] The mean operative time was 50 minutes (range from 40 to 60 minutes). The mean follow-up time was 2.8 years (range from 10 months to 6 years). There were no complications or recurrences. Good cosmetic results were achieved in all boys. [Conclusions] Our modified three-step procedure had good cosmetic results without complications. We recommend this effective surgical procedure for boys with buried penis who have no history of previous surgery.
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